DSM-5-TR - Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
Anxiety Disorders
Key Information*
-definition
-panic attacks
General Anxiety Disorder|GAD
Essentials
*Excessive anxiety/worry
* AT LEAST 6 m
* 3+ Sx (restless, fatigue, concentration, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturb)
Onset
* ~30yrs (later than other anx disorders)
* chronic, wax and wane
Treatment(s)
* CBT
* AMT [anxiety management train]*
Medications(s)*
Separation Anxiety
Selective Mutism
Separation Anxiety Disorder
* Inappropriate for age; Onset typically younger than 12yrs
* Being away from home, caregivers, attachment figures
* Critieria ~ 3 of 6 — occurs/anticipated, worry about harm to figures, worry of loss/kidnapping, reluctance/refusal of going out b/c fear of separation, going w/o figure, going to sleep w/o near figure, repeated nightmares about sep, repeated phys complaints when sep occurs/antic.
* After life stress, esp sig loss
* Treatments; CBT w/ parents, Family Therapy
* School refusal HAS to be due to separation anxiety; goal is return to school asap.
Selective Mutism (SM)
* Onset pre 5 yrs
* Consistent failure to speak in SPECIFIC social situations when expected — interferes w/ ed/occ achievement, social comm
* Related to fear/anx, NOT willfulness/disobed.
Specific Phobia*
Essentials
* Object/situation (present, anticip.)
* Exposure provokes anx response (immediate)
* Either 1) avoided, 2) endured w/ intense distress
* Out of proportion to the ACTUAL danger
Specifiers (based on stim) | animal, natural environ, blood-injection intjury, situational, other
- Blood Injection Injury (BII) differs in physiological response – initial increase in heart rate followed w/ decrease, leading to dizziness, fainting
Treatments
* Exposure based therapies (in-vivo strongest)
* Therapist-assisted exposure-based (participant modeling, guided mastery)* hightly effective
* VR exposure
- Systematic Desensitization | pairing with relaxation, more time, less effective at decreasing avoidance
- Applied Tension | for BII, muscle tensed to raise blood pressure, prevents fainting or allows for quicker recovery if do faint
Social Anxiety Disorder
- Fear of social situations where exposed to potential scrutiny | will be embarrassing, humiliating, lead to rejection
- Types: interactions, being observed, performance
- Treatment(s) – CBT, Social Skills Training (SST)
Panic Disorder
- Onset/Timeline [???]
- recurrent UNEXPECTED panic attacks
- AT LEAST 1attack been followed by 1month: 1) persistent concern of having more, AND/OR 2) significant change in bx related to attacks
Risks | Comorbidity
* higher rates of SI - even after everything accounted for
* Comorbid w/ medical conditions of – heart attack, hyperthyroidism, asthma, chronic obstructive pul disease (COPD), irritable bowl syndrome
Treatment(s)
* CBT
* Psychoeducation
* Cognitive Restructuring
* In-Vivo Exposure [situations avoided/give rise]
* Introceptive [aversive phys sensations]
* Relaxation Training/Breathing retraining
Agoraphobia
Essentials
* Intense fear/anx about 2+ situations
* Persistent lasting 6m or more.
* Situations include - transportation, being in open spaces or enclosed spaces, standing in line or being in a crowd, being outside the home.
* Avoided - escape may be difficult or help may not be available.
Treatment | same as panic disorder
Additonal
Due to Another Med Condition/Illness | endocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic disturbance, neurological illness
Other Specified | Ataque de Nervios*
