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HOSA Pharmacology simplified > Drugs that affect the GI System > Flashcards

Drugs that affect the GI System Flashcards

1
Q

antacids uses

A

treatment of hyperacidity caused by heartburn, indigestion, GERD, peptic ulcer

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2
Q

aluminum antacids SE

A

constipation, intestinal impaction, anorexia, weakness, tremors, bone pain

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3
Q

magnesium antacids SE

A

diarrhea, dehydration, high magnesium

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4
Q

calcium antacids SE

A

rebound acid, alkalosis, hypercalcemia, confusion, headache, renal calculi, neurologic issues

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5
Q

sodium bicarbonate antacids SE

A

alkalosis, rebound acid

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6
Q

antacids CI

A

abdominal pain, lact

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7
Q

sodium bicarbonate antacids CI

A

CV issues

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8
Q

calcium antacids CI

A

renal calculi, hypercalcemia

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9
Q

aluminum antacids precautions

A

gastric outlet obstruction, upper GI bleeding

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10
Q

calcium antacids precaution

A

respiratory insufficiency, heart disease

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11
Q

antacids interact

A

digoxin, isoniazid, phenytoin, chlorpromazine, tetracycline, corticosteroids, salicylates

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12
Q

H2 Antagonists uses

A

heartburn, indigestion, sour stomach, GERD, gastric/duodenal ulcer, excessive gastric secretions

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13
Q

h2 antagonists SE

A

dizzy, somnolence, headache, confusion, hallucination, diarrhea

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14
Q

H2 antagonists precautions

A

severely ill, elderly, debilitated, diabetes, preg/lact

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15
Q

H2 antagonists interact

A

antacids, metoclopramide, carmustine, opioids, anticoag, digoxin

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16
Q

H2 antagonists ex

A

cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine, ranitidine

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17
Q

PPIs uses

A

gastric and duodenal ulcers with h. pylori, GERD, erosive esophagitis, hypersecretory, bleeding prevention with antiplatelets

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18
Q

PPIs SE

A

headache, abdominal pain

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19
Q

PPIs CI

A

preg/lact

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20
Q

PPIs precautions

A

elderly

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21
Q

PPIs interact

A

sucralfate, ketoconazole, ampicillin, anticoagulants, digoxin, benzodiazepines, phenytoin, clarithromycin, bisphosphonates

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22
Q

PPIs ex

A

dexlansoprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole

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23
Q

GI stimulants MOA

A

increase motility of upper GI tract

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24
Q

GI stimulants uses

A

GERD, gastric stasis

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25
Q

GI stimulants SE

A

usually mild SE: restless, drowsy, dizzy, tremor, involuntary movement, muscle rigidity, grimacing, depression

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26
Q

GI stimulants CI

A

GI obstruction, gastric perforation/hemorrhage, pheochromocytoma, parkinsons, seizures

27
Q

GI stimulants precautions

A

diabetes, CV disease, preg/lact

28
Q

GI stimulants interact

A

cholinergic blockers, opioids, digoxin, MAOIs, levodopa

29
Q

GI stimulants ex

A

metoclopramide

30
Q

antiemetics uses

A

preventatively for: pre/post surgery, with antineoplastics, with radiation therapy, during pregnancy

31
Q

antiemetics SE

32
Q

antiemetics CI

A

severe CNS depression, heart block, prolonged QT, preg, young children

33
Q

antiemetics precautions

A

glaucoma, obstructive GI or genitourinary disease, older men

34
Q

antiemetics interact

A

CNS depressants, antihistamines, anatacids, rifamin, lithium

35
Q

antiemetics ex

A

chlorpromazine, perphenazine, prochlorperazine, promethazine, trimethobenzamide, dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron, palonosetron, dronabinol, nabilone

36
Q

misc acid reducers ex

A

sucralfate, misoprostol

37
Q

aminosalicylates uses

A

chron disease, ulcerative colitis

38
Q

aminosalicylates SE

A

abdominal pain, headache, dizzy, fever

39
Q

aminosalicylates CI

A

sulfa allergy, intestinal obstruction, less than 2

40
Q

aminosalicylates precautions

41
Q

aminosalicylates interact

A

digoxin, methotrexate, hypoglycemics, warfarin

42
Q

aminosalicylates ex

A

balsalazide, mesalamine, olsalazine, sulfasalazine

43
Q

antidiarrheals uses

44
Q

antidiarrheals SE

A

anorexia, constipation, abdominal pain, dizzy, drowsy, headache, sedation, euphoria, rash

45
Q

antidiarrheals CI

A

diarrhea with bacteria that can harm intestinal mucosa, pseudomembranous colitis

46
Q

antidiarrheals precautions

47
Q

antidiarrheals interact

A

antihistamines, opioids, sedatives, hypnotics, antidepressants

48
Q

antidiarrheals ex

A

bismuth, crofelemer, loperamide

49
Q

antiflatulents uses

A

relieve excessive gas caused by: postop, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, IBS, diverticulosis

50
Q

antiflatulents SE

51
Q

antiflatulents precautions

52
Q

antiflatulents interact

A

can decrease effectiveness of other drugs

53
Q

antiflatulents ex

A

simethicone, charcoal

54
Q

stimulant, emollient, and saline laxatives use

A

evacuate colon for exams

55
Q

stool softeners uses

A

strain prevention

56
Q

psyllium and polycarbophil use

A

IBS, diverticulosis

57
Q

hyperosmotic laxatives use

A

decrease blood ammonia levels with hepatic encephalopathy

58
Q

laxatives SE

A

constipation, diarrhea, water and electrolyte loss, abdominal pain, perianal irritation, fainting, bloating, flatulence, weakness

59
Q

laxatives CI

A

lots of abdominal pain, vomiting, signs of acute appendicitis, fecal impaction, intestinal obstruction, acute hepatitis

60
Q

laxatives precautions

A

rectal bleeding, preg/lact

61
Q

laxatives interact

A

vitamin KADE, milk, antacids, H2 antagonists

62
Q

stimulant laxatives ex

A

cascara sagrada, sennosides, bisacodyl

63
Q

hyperosmotic laxatives ex

A

glycerine, lactulose, lubiprostone

64
Q

stool softeners ex

HOSA Pharmacology simplified (6 decks)

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