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HOSA Pharmacology simplified > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Sulfonamides MOA

A

Bacteriostatic

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2
Q

Sulfonamides use

A

UTIs, acute otitis media, ulcerative colitis, burns (Mafenide and sulfadiazine)

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3
Q

Sulfonamides SE

A

anorexia, abdominal pain, stomatitis, chills, fever, crystalluria

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4
Q

Sulfonamides CI

A

Less than 2, pregnant/lactating

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5
Q

Sulfonamides precautions

A

Bronchial asthma

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6
Q

Sulfonamides interactions

A

anticoagulants, methotrexate, hydantoins

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7
Q

Penicillins MOA

A

Inhibit cell wall integrity

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8
Q

Penicillin types

A

Aminopenicillins, extended-spectrum, natural, penicillinase-resistant

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9
Q

Penicillins uses

A

UTIs, septicemia, meningitis, intra-abdominal infections, STIs, pneumonia

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10
Q

Penicillins SE

A

glossitis, stomatitis, dry mouth, gastritis

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11
Q

Penicillins precautions

A

asthma, bleeding disorders, GI disorders

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12
Q

Penicillins interactions

A

contraceptives, tetracycline, anticoagulants, beta-blockers

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13
Q

Cephalosporins MOA

A

target cell wall

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14
Q

Cephalosporins uses

A

respiratory infections, otitis media, bone/joint infections, interabdominal and genitourinary infections

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15
Q

cephalosporins SE

A

headache, dizziness, heartburn, fever, nephrotoxicity

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16
Q

Cephalosporins precautions

A

bleeding disorder

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17
Q

Cephalosporins interactions

A

aminoglycosides, anticoagulants, loop diuretics

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18
Q

Carbapenems ex

A

Meropenem, doripenem, televancin, oritavancin, vancomycin

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19
Q

Carbapenems MOA

A

inhibit cell wall activity

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20
Q

Carbapenems uses

A

intra-abdominal infections, meningitis, endocarditis, septicemia, UTIs, skin infections

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21
Q

Carbapenems SE

A

rash, chills, fever, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity

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22
Q

Carbapenems CI

A

renal failure

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23
Q

Carbapenems Precautions

A

CNS disorder, seizures, hearing loss

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24
Q

Carbapenems interactions

A

probenecid

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25
Q

Tetracyclines MOA

A

inhibit protein synthesis

26
Q

Tetracyclines uses

A

rickettsial diseases, intestinal amebiasis, skin infections, chlamydia, helicobacter

27
Q

Tetracyclines SE

A

Epigastric distress, stomatitis, sore throat, rash

28
Q

Tetracyclines CI

A

pregnancy/lactation, less than 9

29
Q

Tetracyclines interactions

A

Antacids, anticoagulants, contraceptives, digoxin

30
Q

Aminoglycosides Ex

A

GNATS: Gentamycin, neomycin, amikacin, tobramycin, streptomycin

31
Q

Aminoglycosides MOA

A

block protein synthesis

32
Q

Aminoglycosides uses

A

gram neg, hepatic coma

33
Q

Aminoglycosides SE

A

anorexia, rash/urticaria, nephro/oto/neurotoxicity

34
Q

Aminoglycosides CI

A

hearing loss, myasthenia gravis, Parkinsons, pregnancy/lactation, long term use

35
Q

Aminoglycosides precautions

A

elderly, neuromuscular disorders

36
Q

Aminoglycosides interactions

A

cephalosporins, loop diuretics, general anesthetics

37
Q

Macrolides Ex

A

ACE: azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin

38
Q

Macrolides MOA

A

change protein synthesis

39
Q

Macrolides uses

A

acne/skin infections, upper respiratory infections

40
Q

Macrolides SE

A

abdominal pain

41
Q

Macrolides CI

A

liver disease

42
Q

Macrolides precaution

A

myasthenia gravis, pregnant/lactating

43
Q

Macrolides interactions

A

Antacids, digoxin, anticoagulants, clindamycin, lincomycin, chloramphenicol, theophylline

44
Q

Lincosamides ex

A

Lincomycin, clindamycin, pirlimycin

45
Q

Lincosamides use

A

serious infections where penicillin and erythromycin don’t work

46
Q

Lincosamides MOA

A

inhibit protein synthesis

47
Q

Lincosamides SE

A

Abdominal pain, esophagitis, rash, blood dyscrasias

48
Q

Lincosamides CI

A

cisapride, pimozide, minor infections

49
Q

Lincosamides precautions

A

GI disorder, myasthenia gravis

50
Q

Lincosamides interactions

A

antacids, neuromuscular blocking disorders

51
Q

Daptomycin/Linezolid/Quinupristin/Dalfopristin use

A

skin infections, VREF

52
Q

Daptomycin/Linezolid/Quinupristin/Dalfopristin SE

A

headache/dizziness, insomnia, rash, chills, fatigue, depression, nervousness

53
Q

Daptomycin/Linezolid/Quinupristin/Dalfopristin CI

A

pregnant/lactating, PKU

54
Q

Daptomycin/Linezolid/Quinupristin/Dalfopristin precautions

A

bone marrow depression, hypertension, hyperthyroidism

55
Q

Daptomycin/Linezolid/Quinupristin/Dalfopristin interactions

A

NSAIDs, MAOIs, tyramine foods

56
Q

Fluoroquinolones ex

57
Q

Fluoroquinolones MOA

A

interfere with DNA/RNA synthesis

58
Q

Fluoroquinolones use

A

lower respiratory infections, bone/joint, urinary tract, and skin infections, STIs

59
Q

Fluoroquinolones SE

A

abdominal pain, dizziness, superinfections

60
Q

Fluoroquinolones CI

A

less than 18, pregnancy

61
Q

Fluoroquinolones precautions

A

diabetes, seizures, elderly, dialysis

62
Q

Fluoroquinolones interactions

A

theophylline, cimetidine, anticoagulants, antacids, NSAIDs

HOSA Pharmacology simplified (6 decks)

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