Drugs Individual (Not Finished) Flashcards
Adenosine Indication:
SVT
Adenosine Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Drug induced tachycardia
Bradycardia
Adenosine Dose
1st: 6mg
2nd: 12mg
3rd: 12mg
Fast IV followed w/ flush
Adenosine Side Effects
Light Headedness
Hypotension
Nausea
Albuterol Indications
Bronchospasms from asthma or COPD
Albuterol Contraindications
Pregnancy (unless needed)
Albuterol Dose
1st: 2.5mg
2nd: Same
3rd: Same
If no improvement after first, combine w/ Atrovent
Albuterol Side Effects
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Restlessness
Alcaine Indication
Burns to the eyes or corneal abrasion
Alcaine Contraindications
Trauma/Laceration to the eye
Foreign body in eye
Allergies
Alcaine Dose
1-2 drops every 5 minutes
Max of 3 doses
Alcaine Side Effects
Initial burning or stinging
Amiodarone Indications
V Fib
V Tac
Amiodarone Contraindications
Cardiogenic shock
Bradycardia
Amiodarone Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult:
VFib/VTach without Pulse- 1st 300 mg IV/IO; 2nd 150mg IV/IO
VTach with pulse- 150mg over 10 minutes
Pedi:
VFib/VTach without Pulse- 1st 5mg/kg (max of 150); 2nd same
VTach with pulse- 5mg/kg drip over 30 minutes
Amiodarone Side Effects
Hypotension if given rapidly
Bradycardia
CHF
Amyl Nitrate Indications
Acute cyanide poisoning with severe symptoms
Altered Mental Status
Dyspnea, cyanosis
Vomiting, seizures
Amyl Nitrate Contraindications
Do not administer if IV established and able to give sodium nitrite
Amyl Nitrate Dose
1 ampule crushed and inhaled
Amyl Nitrate Side Effects
Hypotension
(Atrovent) Ipratronium Bromide Indication
Bronchospasm that didn’t improve w/ 1st dose of albuterol
(Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide Contraindications
Sensitivity to atropine
Bronchospasms due to allergic reaction
(Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: .5mg in 2.5mL
Pedi: <1 year .25mg; >1 year adult dose
(Atrovent) Ipratropium Bromide Side Effects
Dry mouth
Nausea/Vomiting
Aspirin Indications
Cardiac Chest pain
Aspirin Contraindication
Allergy to aspirin
GI Bleed
Hemorrhagic stroke
Aspirin Dose
Adult
Pedi
Adult 324mg
Not give
Aspirin Side Effects
None in emergency setting
Ativan Indications
Active seizure
Sedation to facilitate airway device placement
Prior to painful procedure
Excited delirium
Ativan Contraindications
Hypotension
Head injury
Pregnancy
Ativan Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: 2-10mg
Pedi: .05-.1mg/kg
Ativan Side Effects
Hypotension
Respiratory depression
Confusion
Nausea
Vein irritation
Atropine Indications
Symptomatic bradycardia
Organophosphate poisoning
Atropine Contraindications
Hypothermic bradycardias
Atropine Dose
Adult
Pedi
Adult Sym Brady: .5mg IV every 3-5 mins
Adult Poisoning: 2-5mg every 15 mins until secretions stop
Pedi Sym Brady: .2mg/kg (may repeat up to a max of 1 or 3mg)
Pedi Poisoning: .05mg/kg
Atropine Side Effects
Tachycardia
Blurred vision
Dry mouth
Calcium Chloride Indications
Hyperkalemia
Hypocalcemia
Magnesium OD
Ca Channel Blocker OD
Calcium Chloride Contraindications
Cardiac arrest
Hypercalcemia
Digitalis
Calcium Chloride Dose
10-15mg/kg
Calcium Chloride Side Effects
Bradycardia and hypotension if too much pushed too fast
Calcium Gluconate Indications
Hyperkalemia
Magnesium OD
Ca Channerl Blocker OD
Calcium Gluconate Contraindications
Cardiac Arrest
Hypercalcemia
Calcium Gluconate Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: 15-30mL of 10% solution
Pedi:60-100mg/kg slow IV push
Calcium Gluconate Side Effects
Bradycardia
Hypercalcemia
Cardizem Indications
A fib or AFlutter w/ RVR
PSVT unresponsive to adenosine
Cardizem Contraindications
Systolic<90
Diastolic<60
Wide Complex Tachycardia
Cardizem Dose
Adult:
1st .25mg/kg
2nd .35mg/kk
IV push over 2 min
Cardizem Side Effects
Bradycardia
Hypotension
Decadron Indications
Reduces Swelling & inflammation due to:
Refractory bronchospasm in seizures and acute exacerbation of COPD
Decadron Contraindications
Known Hypersensitivity
Decadron Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: 4-24 mg IV/IM
Pedi: .2-.5 mg/kg not to exceed adult dosage
Decadron Side Effects
Hypertension
Anaphylactic reaction
Exacerbation of CHF
Seizures
Dextrose 10% Indications
Hypoglycemia
Dextrose 10% Contraindications
None in hypoglycemia
Use caution w/ head injury
Dextrose 10% Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: 250 ml D10 IV
Pedi: 5mL/kg of 10% solution
Dextrose 10% Side Effects
Tissue necrosis/ infiltration
Diazepam Indications
(Valium)
Active Seizure
Premedication
Diazepam Contraindications
(Valium)
Alcohol or sedative drug use
Head Injury
Diazepam Dose
(Valium)
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: 5-10mg to max 10mg IV/IM
Pedi: .5mg/kg max of 5mg (rectal); .2/kg max 5mg (IV)
Diazepam Side Effects
(Valium)
Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
Diphenhydramine Indications
Anaphylaxis
Moderate/Severe allergic reactions
Diphenhydramine Contraindications
MAOI’s (antidepressant)
Newborns and nursing mothers
Diphenhydramine Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult: 25-50mg
Pedi: 1-2mcg/kg/min
Diphenhydramine Side Effects
Drowsiness, dizziness, sedation
Dopamine Indications
Nonhypovolemic hypotension
Symptomatic bradycardia if atropine is ineffective
Dopamine Contraindications
Hypovolemic Shock
Tachydysrhythmias
VFib
Dopamine Dose
2-20mcg/kg/min
Dopamine Side Effects
Hypertension
Headache
Nausea/Vomiting
EPI 1:1000 Indications
Asthmatic bronchoconstriction
Allergic/Anaphylaxis
Profound bradycardia
EPI 1:1000 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Hypovolemic shock
Coronary insufficiency
EPI 1:1000 Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult:
Asthma/Allergy- .3mg SubQIM
Bradycardia- 2-10mcg/min
Pedi: .15mg SubQ or IM
EPI 1:1000 Side Effects
Tachycardia
Hypertension
Can worse cardiac ischemia
EPI 1:10,000 Indications
Cardiac Arrest
Anaphylaxis
EPI 1:10,000 Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Hypovolemic shock
Coronary insufficiency
EPI 1:10,000 Dose
Adult:
Pedi:
Adult:
CA: 1mg IV every 3-5 minutes
AR: .3mg may repeat no more than once
Pedi:
CA: .01mg/kg
AR: .15 may repeat no more than once
EPI 1:10,000 Side Effects
Palpitation
Anxiety
Tremulousness
Headache
Dizziness
Hypertension
Etomidate Indications
Induction agent before the admin of a neuromuscular blockade agent
Etomidate Contraindications
Known Hypersensitivity
Labor/Delivery
Etomidate Dose
.3 mg/kg Max 40 mg
Etomidate Side Effects
N&V
Dysrythmias
SOB
Hypotension
Muscle Twitch
Fetanyl Indications
Pain Control
Sedation for RSI & PSI
Fetanyl Contraindications
Respiratory Depression
Hypotension
N&V
Fetanyl Dose
1-2 mcg/kg to Max 200mcg
Fetanyl Side Effects
Respiratory Depression
Bradycardia
Hypo/Hypertension
N&V
Oral Glucose Indications:
Altered LOC caused by hypoglycemia.
Oral Glucose Contraindications:
-No gag reflex
-Unable to protect airway
Oral Glucose Dose:
25-50g (full tube)
Oral Glucose Side Effects:
Aspiration
Glucagon Indications:
-Hypoglycemia (IN or IM)
-Beta-blocker OD
-Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity
Glucagon Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity to Proteins
Glucagon Dose:
Low sugar: 1mg IM or IN
CCB or Beta Blocker OD:
1mg IV/IO up to 3mg
Less than age 1
0.5 mg IV/IO/IM/IN/SQ
Glucagon Side Effects
-N&V
-Tachycardia
Levophed Indications:
Neurogenic & Cariogenic Shock & Septic Shock
BP <70
Levophed Contraindications:
Hypovolemia
Levophed Dose:
8-12 mcg/min
Levophed Side Effects:
Hypertension
Dysthymias
Angina
Reflex Brady
Tissue Necrosis
Haldol Indications:
Patients who require sedation for comfort or safety
Acute psychotic episodes
Severe anxiety
Acute alcohol withdrawal symptoms
Haldol Contraindications:
Pre-existing coma
Intoxication
Known Cardiovascular Disease
Haldol Dose: Adult
5-10 mg IM not to exceed 100 mg in 24 hours.
Haldol Dose: Pedi
0-5:
6-12:
13-17:
0-5: Not recommended
6-12: 1-3 mg IM; Max .15mg/kg/day
13-17: 2-5mg IM not to exceed adult dose
Heparin Indication:
Prevention of thrombus formation in acute MI
Heparin Contraindications:
Active bleeding or bleeding tendencies.
Recent trauma surgery or trauma
Heparin Dose: Adult
5,000 units IV. Follow with 20,000-40,000 units IV over 24 hours.
Heparin Dose: Pedi
100-150 units/kg IV; follow with 28 units/kg/hour IV infusion.
Heparin Side Effects:
Potentially life-threatening bleeding
Hydroxocobalamin (Cynokit) Indications:
Cyanide Toxicity
Hydroxocobalamin (Cynokit) Contraindications:
None
Hydroxocobalamin (Cynokit) Dose:
5 Grams over 15 minutes.
Hydroxocobalamin (Cynokit) Side Effects:
Flushing, urticaria, itching or rash, chest tightness and dyspnea, transient blood pressure elevation, anaphylaxis, red skin, tears, sweat and urine
Ketamine Indications:
Anesthesia prior RSI
Sedation
Ketamine Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
Ketamine Dose:
RSI: 1mg/kg IV every 5-10 minutes as needed.
Sedation: 1mg/kg IV or 4mg/kg IM
Ketamine Side Effects:
Hypertension; tachycardia; sedation; vomiting; involuntary muscle movements
Labetolol Indications:
SVT with RVR; VTAC refractory to Lidocaine; Hypertensive; Unstable angina; non q wave MI; abdominal aortic aneurysm;
Lebatolol Contraindications:
Cocaine or amphetamine OD; CHF hypertension
Lebatolol Dose:
5-10mg IVP
Lebatolol Side Effects:
Bronchospasms; hypotension; hallucinations; hyponatremia; hyperkalemia
Lasix Indications:
Acute Pulmonary Edema
Lasix Contraindications:
Hypovolemia/Dehydration
Lasix Dose:
1mg/kg over 2 minutes.
If already on Lasix give twice their daily dose.
Lasix Side Effects:
Hypotension
Dry Mouth
Electrolyte Imbalance
If given too fast can cause hearing loss
Levophed Indications:
Neurogenic/Cardiogenic/Septic Shock
BP <70
Levophed Contraindications:
Hypovolemia
Levophed Dose:
8-12 mcg/min
Levophed Side Effects:
HTN
Dysrhythmias
Angina
Reflex Brady
Tissue Necrosis
Lidocaine Indications:
V-Tach
V-Fib
ROSC after V-Tach/V-Fib
Lidocaine Contraindications:
2nd/3rd Degree Heart Block
Lidocaine Dose:
V-Tach/V-Fib: 1.5mg/kg every 5-10 minutes (max of 3mg/kg)
ROSC: 1-4mg/min
Lidocaine Side Effects:
Light headed
Confusion
Blurred vision
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Altered LOC
Seizures
Magnesium Sulfate Indications:
Eclamptic Seizure
Ventricular Dysrhythmias
Torsades
Digitoxin Toxicity
Asthma
Magnesium Sulfate Contraindications:
Heart Block
Myocardial Damage
Magnesium Sulfate Dose:
Eclampsia, Torsades, Asthma-
Cardiac Arrest-
Eclampsia, Torsades, Asthma: 1-2 g over 10mis
Cardiac Arrest: 1-2g IV push
Magnesium Sulfate Side Effects:
Diaphoresis
Hypothermia
Respiratory Depression
Facial Flush
Bradycardia
Hypotension
N/V
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Indications:
Wheezing refractory to inhaled bronchodilators.
Status asthmatics
Severe anaphylaxis
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Dose:
Adult-
Pedi-
Hypersensitivity 60-125mg IV/IO
2 mg/kg
Methylprednisolone (Solu-Medrol) Side Effects:
Hypertension
Rare- anaphylactic reactions, exacerbation of congestive heart failure, seizure.
Versed (Midazolam) Indications:
Active seizure
Status epilepticus
Sedation prior to cardioversion/pacing
Versed (Midazolam) Contraidications:
Hypersensitivity
Acute narrow angle glaucoma
Versed (Midazolam) Dose:
2.5-5mg may repeat once.
Versed (Midazolam) Side Effects:
Respiratory Depression
Confusion
Hypotension
Nausea
Morphine Indications:
Pain and Anxiety
Chest Pain unrelieved buy Nitro
Morphine Contraindications:
BP <90
Traumatic brain injury
Respiratory Distress
Morphine Dose:
2-4 mg every 3-5 minutes
Morphine Side Effects:
Respiratory Depression
Dizziness
N/V
Hypertension
Bradycardia
Narcan Indications:
Opiate OD
Narcan Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
Narcan Dose:
.4mg to a MAX of 2mg
Narcan Side Effects:
Dysrhythmia
N/V
HTN
Tachycardia
Violent Behavior
Nitro Indications:
Chest pain of cardiac origin
Pulmonary edema associated with CHF
Nitro Contraindications:
Systolic BP <90
Increased intracranial pressure
ED drugs
Extreme Brady/Tachycardias
Nitro Dose:
1 spray of .4mg
1 tablet of .4mg
Narcan Side Effects:
Hypotension
Headache
Reflex Tach
N/V
Diaphoresis
Nitrous Oxide Indications:
A&O PT with Pain
Nitrous Oxide Contraindications:
Decompression Sickness
COPD
Chest Trauma
Abdominal Distention
Altered LOC
Nitrous Oxide Dose:
Self Dose
Nitrous Oxide Side Effects:
Hypotension
Dizziness
Norcuron (Vecuronium) Indications:
Long term muscle paralysis to facilitate endotracheal intubation.
Norcuron (Vecuronium) Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
Norcuron (Vecuronium) Dose:
IV/IO
.1 mg/kg
Norcuron (Vecuronium) Side Effects:
Hypotension or hypertension
Tachycardia or bradycardia
Patients with neuromuscular disease – Multiple Sclerosis
Hepatic or Renal impairment
Pancuronium (Pavulon) Indications:
Long-term muscle paralysis to facilitate endotracheal intubation
Pancuronium (Pavulon) Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
Pancuronium (Pavulon) Dose:
IV/IO
.04-.1 mg/kg
Pancuronium (Pavulon) Side Effects:
Hypotension or hypertension
Tachycardia or bradycardia
Patients with neuromuscular disease – Multiple Sclerosis
Hepatic or Renal impairment
Phenegran (Promethazine) Indications:
Persistent vomiting
GI problems
Allergic Reactions
Better than Zofran if Pt. already vomiting
Phenegran (Promethazine) Contraindications:
Hypersensitivity
Comatose States
Altered LOC
Phenegran (Promethazine) Dose:
12.5 mg to MAX of 25 mg.
Phenegran (Promethazine) Side Effects
Drowsiness/Sedation
Diatonic Reaction
Necrosis
Pralidoxime Chloride Indications:
Second drug given for the treatment of poisoning due to organophosphate pesticides and chemical nerve agents (First drug is atropine)
Primary indication for pralidoxime administration is muscle weakness or respiratory depression in these patients
Pralidoxime Chloride Contraindications:
None
Pralidoxime Chloride Dose:
600 mg (1 auto injector) - 1800 mg (3 auto injector)
Pralidoxime Chloride Side Effects:
Tachycardia, laryngospasm, muscle rigidity if IV and infused too quickly
Mild to moderate pain at injection site
Blurred or double vision, dizziness, loss of coordination, headache drowsiness, hypertension, tachycardia
Pronestyl (Procainamide) Indications:
Suppress ectopy in ventricular tissue & reduce ventricular dysrhythmias such as:
Refractory & recurrent Ventricular Fibrillation (V-Fib)
Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia (V-Tach)
Stable monomorphic or polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia w/ pulse
Wide-complex tachydysrhythmias of uncertain type
Malignant, refractory PVCs
I-C: Suppress ectopy in atrial tissue & reduce supraventricular dysrhythmias such as:
PACs, PAT, A-Fib, A-Flutter, WPW
Pronestyl (Procainamide) Contraindications:
TCA Overdose
Previous use of Amiodarone
2nd and 3rd degree heart block.
Pronestyl (Procainamide) Dose:
IV Infusion
20-30 mg/min. MAX of 17 mg/kg
Pronestyl (Procainamide) Side Effects:
Hypotension
2nd and 3rd degree Block
Widening of the QRS complex
