Drugs in sport

Question 1

Name some of the performance enhancing drugs

Answer 1

B-Blockers
Anabolic steroids
Diuretics
Stimulants
Narcotic analgesics
Peptic Hormones

Question 2

MOA of Anabolic steroids

Answer 2

incr. muscle mass and develop bone growth
–>incr. strength and quicker recovery

Question 3

SEs of Anabolic Steroids

Answer 3

Aggression
Incr. Heart attack risk
Incr. risk of strokes
High BP
Liver Disease
Infertility in women

Question 4

Example of a sport that could be enhanced by Anabolic Steroids

Answer 4

Boxing

Question 5

MOA of B-Blockers

Answer 5

reduce HR and improve control and concentration= decr stress and reduced anxiety–> Calming effect

Question 6

SEs of B-Blockers

Answer 6

nausea
diarrhea
tiredness
depression
insomnia
nightmares

Question 7

MOA of Diuretics

Answer 7

Incr. urine production=incr. urine excretion=rapid weight loss
Also reduces conc. of the banned substances by Incr. urine production=dilution

Question 8

SEs of Diuretics

Answer 8

Dehydration
muscle cramps
exhaustion
dizziness
Potassium deficiency= Hypokalemia
Heart arrythmias
Drop in BP
Heatstroke
Death

Question 9

Example of a sport that could be enhanced by B-Blockers

Answer 9

Archery

Question 10

Example of a sport that could be enhanced by Diuretics

Answer 10

Boxers: meet weigh in before match
Jockey: reduce weight= horse goes faster

Question 11

MOA of Narcotic analgesics

Answer 11

offset effects of Lactic acid
Incr. alertness
overcome tiredness

Question 12

SEs of Narcotic analgesics

Answer 12

loss of balance
loss of concentration
loss of co-ordination
emotional effects including hallucinations (morphine)

Question 13

Example of a sport that could be enhanced by Narcotic analgesics

Answer 13

Football

Question 14

MOA of Peptic Hormones

Answer 14

Incr. no. of RBCs
=Incr. O2 carrying capacity
=Incr. O2 in body
= Incr. dispersion of waste products and Lactic acid
Incr. aerobic capacity

Question 15

SEs of Peptic Hormones

Answer 15

Strokes
Abnormal growth
Incr. Blood viscosity= difficulty for blood to pass through capillaries

Question 16

MOA of Stimulants

Answer 16

Stimulate CNS= Incr alertness
Incr BP and HR= quicker recovery time due to quicker offsetting effects of Lactic acid on muscles= Quicker reaction time

Question 17

Results of stimulants

Answer 17

Improve endurance
reduce fatigue
suppress appetite
increase alertness and aggressiveness.

Question 18

SEs of Stimulants

Answer 18

Nervousness and irritability
Insomnua
Dehydration
Heatstroke
Heart atrack+ other circulatory issues
Heart palpitation. heart rhythm abnormalities, mild HTN
Hallucinations
Stroke
Convulsions
Tremors
Weight loss

Question 19

What is cycling

Answer 19

taking multiple does of steroids over a specific period of time then stopping for a while and starting again

Question 20

What is stacking

Answer 20

combining several different types of steroids to maximise their effectiveness while trying to minimise side effects

Question 21

What is Androstenedione

Answer 21

Hormone that is produced by adrenal glands, ovaries and testis

Question 22

Androstenedione is usually converted to

Answer 22

Estradiol and testosterone in both men and women

Question 23

SEs of Androstenedione in men

Answer 23

acne
diminished sperm production
shrinkage of testicles
enlargement of breasts

Question 24

SEs of Androstenedione in women

Answer 24

acne
masculinisation= deepening of voice
male pattern baldness

Question 25

SEs of Androstenedione in both

Answer 25

Decr. HDL=> risk of heart attack and strokes

Question 26

MOA of Growth Hormone

Answer 26

Has an anabolic effect= improvement of muscle mass and performance

Question 27

How is Growth hormone available?

Answer 27

by prescription
and is an injection

Question 28

Another name for GH

Answer 28

Gonadotropin