Drugs in sport Flashcards
Name some of the performance enhancing drugs
B-Blockers
Anabolic steroids
Diuretics
Stimulants
Narcotic analgesics
Peptic Hormones
MOA of Anabolic steroids
incr. muscle mass and develop bone growth
–>incr. strength and quicker recovery
SEs of Anabolic Steroids
Aggression
Incr. Heart attack risk
Incr. risk of strokes
High BP
Liver Disease
Infertility in women
Example of a sport that could be enhanced by Anabolic Steroids
Boxing
MOA of B-Blockers
reduce HR and improve control and concentration= decr stress and reduced anxiety–> Calming effect
SEs of B-Blockers
nausea
diarrhea
tiredness
depression
insomnia
nightmares
MOA of Diuretics
Incr. urine production=incr. urine excretion=rapid weight loss
Also reduces conc. of the banned substances by Incr. urine production=dilution
SEs of Diuretics
Dehydration
muscle cramps
exhaustion
dizziness
Potassium deficiency= Hypokalemia
Heart arrythmias
Drop in BP
Heatstroke
Death
Example of a sport that could be enhanced by B-Blockers
Archery
Example of a sport that could be enhanced by Diuretics
Boxers: meet weigh in before match
Jockey: reduce weight= horse goes faster
MOA of Narcotic analgesics
offset effects of Lactic acid
Incr. alertness
overcome tiredness
SEs of Narcotic analgesics
loss of balance
loss of concentration
loss of co-ordination
emotional effects including hallucinations (morphine)
Example of a sport that could be enhanced by Narcotic analgesics
Football
MOA of Peptic Hormones
Incr. no. of RBCs
=Incr. O2 carrying capacity
=Incr. O2 in body
= Incr. dispersion of waste products and Lactic acid
Incr. aerobic capacity
SEs of Peptic Hormones
Strokes
Abnormal growth
Incr. Blood viscosity= difficulty for blood to pass through capillaries
MOA of Stimulants
Stimulate CNS= Incr alertness
Incr BP and HR= quicker recovery time due to quicker offsetting effects of Lactic acid on muscles= Quicker reaction time
Results of stimulants
Improve endurance
reduce fatigue
suppress appetite
increase alertness and aggressiveness.
SEs of Stimulants
Nervousness and irritability
Insomnua
Dehydration
Heatstroke
Heart atrack+ other circulatory issues
Heart palpitation. heart rhythm abnormalities, mild HTN
Hallucinations
Stroke
Convulsions
Tremors
Weight loss
What is cycling
taking multiple does of steroids over a specific period of time then stopping for a while and starting again
What is stacking
combining several different types of steroids to maximise their effectiveness while trying to minimise side effects
What is Androstenedione
Hormone that is produced by adrenal glands, ovaries and testis
Androstenedione is usually converted to
Estradiol and testosterone in both men and women
SEs of Androstenedione in men
acne
diminished sperm production
shrinkage of testicles
enlargement of breasts
SEs of Androstenedione in women
acne
masculinisation= deepening of voice
male pattern baldness
SEs of Androstenedione in both
Decr. HDL=> risk of heart attack and strokes
MOA of Growth Hormone
Has an anabolic effect= improvement of muscle mass and performance
How is Growth hormone available?
by prescription
and is an injection
Another name for GH
Gonadotropin
