Drugs for Disorders of the Eye

Question 1

POAG means

Answer 1

primary open angle glaucoma

Question 2

OHT means

Answer 2

ocular hypertension

Question 3

True or false:

POAG or OHT is less prevalent than closed or narrow angle glaucoma.

Answer 3

False. POAG/OHT is MORE prevalent than closed/narrow angle glaucoma

Question 4

Conjunctiva becomes inflamed and red

Answer 4

Conjunctivitis

Question 5

True or false:

Conjunctivitis often starts in one eye then spreads to the other eye.

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Inflammation of the iris

Answer 6

Iritis

Question 7

Acute causes of irits

Answer 7

Trauma, Irritants

Question 8

Chronic causes of iritis

Answer 8

Autoimmune diseases, arthritis, irritable bowel disease, Crohn’s disease

Question 9

Drugs with alpha and beta adrenergic activity

Answer 9

Sympathomimetic drugs

Question 10

A sympathomimetic drug with fewer adverse reaction

Answer 10

Dipivefrin

Question 11

A sympathomimetic drug used to control or prevent post-operative elevations in IOP

Answer 11

Apraclonidone

Question 12

Brimonidine tartrate is what type of drug?

Answer 12

Alpha-2 adrenergic drug

Question 13

Dapiprazole is what type of drug?

Answer 13

Alpha-adrenergic blocking drug

Question 14

It acts by blocking the adrenergic receptor in the smooth muscles

Answer 14

Dapiprazole

Question 15

Dapiprazole produces (miosis, mydrasis)

Answer 15

miosis

Question 16

Dapiprazole affects the (dilator, constrictor) muscles of the iris

Answer 16

dilator

Question 17

Dapiprazole is used primarily to reverse diagnostic (miosis, mydriasis)

Answer 17

mydriasis

Question 18

The adrenergic blocking drugs that decrease production rate of aqueous humor

Answer 18

Beta-blocking adrenergicdrugs

Question 19

The former drug of choice to treat glaucoma

Answer 19

Mitotics

Question 20

The drug of choice for glaucoma today

Answer 20

adrenergic blocking drugs

Question 21

A type of mitotics that are more potent and longer-acting than direct-acting miotics

Answer 21

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 22

Cholinesterase inhibitors are used to treat what type of glaucoma?

Answer 22

Open-angle glaucoma

Question 23

Cholinesterase inhibitors produce:

a. slight miosis
b. slight mydriasis
c. intense miosis
d. intense mydriasis

Answer 23

intense miosis

Question 24

This drug produce intense miosis and muscle contractions, causing a decreased resistance to aqueous outflow.

Answer 24

Cholinesterase inhibitors

Question 25

An enzyme found in many tissues of the body, including the eye

Answer 25

Carbonic anhydrase

Question 26

Carbonic anhydrase can be used to treat

Answer 26

elevated IOP seen in open-angle glaucoma

Question 27

These drugs lower IOP in POAG and OHT through trabecular meshwork

Answer 27

Prostaglandin agonist

Question 28

Prostaglandin receptors have been located in which parts of the eye?

Answer 28

trabecular meshwork, ciliary muscle, and sclera

Question 29

What type of prostaglandins have a functional role in aqueous humor drainage?

Answer 29

Endogenous prostaglandins

Question 30

This drug is used to patients who are unresponsive to latanoprost

Answer 30

Bimatoprost

Question 31

Drugs for ophthalmic use as mast cell stabilizers are?

Answer 31

Nedocromil and Pemirolast

Question 32

These drugs are used for the prevention of eye itching caused by allergic conjunctivitis

Answer 32

Mast cell stabilizers

Question 33

What does mast cell stabilizers inhibit?

Answer 33

Antigen-induced release of inflammatory mediators

Question 34

These drugs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis

Answer 34

NSAIDs

Question 35

Since NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, what does it exert?

Answer 35

NSAIDs exert anti-inflammatory action

Question 36

NSAIDs are used to treat (preoperative, postoperative)

Answer 36

postoperative

Question 37

NSAID used after cataract surgery

Answer 37

Diclofenac

Question 38

NSAID used for relief of the eyes caused by seasonal allergies

Answer 38

Ketorolac

Question 39

NSAID used during eye surgery to prevent miosis

Answer 39

Flurbiprofen

Question 40

possesses anti-inflammatory activity; also used after injury to the cornea or after corneal transplants to prevent rejection

Answer 40

Corticosteroid

Question 41

Examples of corticosteroids

Answer 41

Dexamethasone, Fluorometholone, Prednisolone

Question 42

Conditions where corticosteroid drugs are usually used to treat

Answer 42

Allergic conjunctivitis Keratitis Herpes zoster keratitis Iritis

Question 43

Possesses antibacterial activity used to treat eye infections

Answer 43

Antibiotics

Question 44

Posses bacteriostatic effect against gram+ and gram- microorganisms

Answer 44

Sulfonamides

Question 45

Used to treat conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer, and other superficial infections of the eye

Answer 45

Antibiotics and sulfonamides

Question 46

Examples of antibiotics/sulfonamides

Answer 46

Bacitracin Erythromycin Gentamycin Tobramycin

Question 47

interfere with viral reproduction

Answer 47

Antiviral drugs

Question 48

What do antiviral drugs do to the DNA synthesis

Answer 48

antiviral drugs alter DNA synthesis

Question 49

What drug is used for herpes simplex infections of the eye, immunocompromised patientds with cytomegalovirus, and CMV retinitis?

Answer 49

Antiviral drugs

Question 50

The only antifungal drug for ophthalmic use

Answer 50

Natamycin

Question 51

Examples of antiviral drugs

Answer 51

Idoxuridine | Vidarabine

Question 52

These drugs dilates the pupils, constrict superficial blood vessels of the sclera, and decrease the formation of AH

Answer 52

Vasoconstrictor mydriatics

Question 53

Causes mydriasis and cycloplegia

Answer 53

Cycloplegics mydriatics

Question 54

Cycloplegia means?

Answer 54

Paralysis of the ciliary muscles, therefore eyes cannot focus