Drugs for bone

Question 1

what are the approximate percentages for bone remodelling per year

Answer 1

compact 3%. Spongy 25%

Question 2

role of oestrogen in relation to bone?

Answer 2

decreases osteoclast activity

Question 3

definition of osteoporosis

Answer 3

2.5 standard deviation reduction in bone mass compared to that of a healthy 30 yr old woman

Question 4

definition of osteopaenia

Answer 4

1-2.5 tandard deviation reduction in bone mass compared to that of a healthy 30 yr old woman

Question 5

when is peak bone density?

Answer 5

20-30

Question 6

describe how osteoporosis affects bone

Answer 6

loss of bone cells and matrix. The loss of trabeculae reduce the cross-sectional area resulting in a relatively greater load on the bone

Question 7

name the 3 types of antiresoptive drugs

Answer 7

bisphosphates, selective oestrogen receptor modulators(raloxifene), RANKL inhibitors

Question 8

name the RANKL inhbitor

Answer 8

denosumab

Question 9

name a SERM and its moa?

Answer 9

raloxifene - agonist at osetrogen receptors of bone and cardiovascular tissues. antagonist at mammary glands and uterus. Promotes Clast apoptosis, increaeses lifespan of Blasts & Cytes.

Question 10

results of oestrogen on bone?

Answer 10

doesnt increase mass but maintains it. slows loss

Question 11

PTH as a drug?

Answer 11

paradoxical - small amounts (once per day) results in anabolism, whereas excessive amounts will cause catabolism by promoting Clast actvity

Question 12

name the 4 drugs for anabolism?

Answer 12

PTH, calcium, Vit D analgoues, calcitonin

Question 13

MOA of Bisphosphates

Answer 13

ingested by osteoclasts - inhibit recruitment and promot apoptosis. poorly absorbed but remain in bone for long periods

Question 14

results of denosumab?

Answer 14

increased bone density and decreased bone turnover markers