DRUGS: Dextrose Flashcards
Dextrose: Class
Carbohydrate, antihypoglcemic, hypertonic solution
Dextrose: Mechanism of Action
Rapidly increases serum glucose levels. Short Term osmotic diuresis.
Dextrose: Indications
Hypoglycemia, altered level of consciousness, coma of unknown origin, seizure of unknown origin, status epilepticus.
Dextrose: Contraindications
Intracranial hemorrhage with normal blood glucose level.
Dextrose: Adverse Reactions and Side Effects
Extravasation leads to tissue necrosis.
Cerebral hemorrhage
Cerebral ischemia
Pulmonary Edema
Warmth Pain
Burning from IV infusion
Hyperglycemia
Dextrose: Drug Interactions
Sodium Bicarbonate, warfarin (Coumadin)
Dextrose: Route
IV, IO
Dextrose: Dosage and Administrations - ADULT
ADULT: D50 25g slow IV push, Maybe repeated as necessary. 10% dextrose (D10) may be an option. D10 can be as effective as D50 and D25 with fewer potential side effects. Consult your local protocols regarding the concentrations used in your system.
Dextrose: Dosage and Administrations - PEDIATRIC
PEDIATRIC: 1 year and older, dextrose 25% .5-1g/kg/dose slow IV push. May be repeated as necessary. As with adults in pediatric patients other concentrations of dextrose, such as D10, may be used depending on local protocol.
Dextrose: Dosage and Administration - NEONATES & INFANTS
NEONATES & INFANTS:
D10-200-500 mg/kg slow IV push.
May be repeated as necessary.
Maximum concentration of 12.5% (vasculature extremely sensitive to high concentrations)
Dextrose: Duration of Action
Onset: Less than 1 Minute
Peak Effect: Variable
Duration: Variable
Dextrose: Special Considerations
Pregnancy Safety: Draw Blood to determine glucose level before administering. Do not administer to patients with known CVA unless hypoglycemia documented.
Due to potential medication shortages, this may not be available in bolus form.
