DRUGS: Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)

Question 1

Albuterol: Class

Answer 1

Sympathomimetic - Bronchodilator

Question 2

Albuterol: Mechanism of Action

Answer 2

Selective Beta-2 against that stimulates adrenergic receptors of the sympathetic nervous system. Causes smooth muscle relaxation in the bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature.

Question 3

Albuterol: Indications

Answer 3

Treatment of bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease (COPD/Asthma) - Prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm.

Question 4

Albuterol: Adverse Reactions and Side Effects

Answer 4

Often dose related and include
Headache
Fatigue
Light-Headedness
Irritability
Restlessness
Aggressive Behavior
Pulmonary Edema
Hoarseness
Nasal Congestion
Increased Sputum
Hypertension
Tachycardia
Dysrhythmias
Chest Pain
Palpitations
Nausea/Vomiting
Dry Mouth
Epigastric Pain
Tremors

Question 5

Albuterol: Drug Interactions

Answer 5

Tricyclic Antidepressants may potentiate vasculature effects. Beta-blockers are antagonistic and may block pulmonary effects. May potentiate hypokalemia caused by diuretics.

Question 6

Albuterol: Route

Answer 6

Inhalation (Nebulizer or MDI)

Question 7

Albuterol: Dosage and Administration - ADULT

Answer 7

Adult Administer: 2.5mg. Dilute in .5mL of .5% of solution for inhalation with 2.5mL normal saline in nebulizer and administer over 10-15 minutes.
MDI 1-2 inhalations (90-180mcg) wait 5 minutes between inhalations

Question 8

Albuterol: Dosage and Administration - PEDIATRIC

Answer 8

Pediatric Administer: <20KG 1.25mg/dose via handheld nebulizer or mask over 20 minutes

Pediatric Administer: >20KG 2.5mg/dose via nebulizer or mask over 20 minutes. Repeat once in 20 minutes

Question 9

Albuterol: Duration of Action

Answer 9

Onset 5-15 minutes. Peak effect: 30 minutes to 2 Hours: Duration 3-4 Hours