Drugs And Stroke

Question 0

True or false, an ischaemic stroke occurs when a diseased or weakened blood vessel ruptures and blood leaks into the surrounding tissues

Answer 0

False

Question 1

True or false streptokinase is an anticoagulant

Answer 1

False

Question 2

True or false, abciximab is a therapeutic antibody and anti-fibrinolytic agent

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The immediate prognosis for a haemorrhagic stroke is worse than for an ischaemic stroke, true or false

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Recombinant rTPA is licensed for the treatment of stroke, true or false

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Aspirin inhibits the enzyme cyclo-oxygenase

Answer 5

True

Question 6

Altepase is an example of an antiplatlet agent

Answer 6

False

Question 7

Which of the following are correct for intracerebral haemorrhage?

1. Are common in patients with chronic hypertension
2. Involve a small amount of bleeding damage, usually reversible
3. Are hard to diagnose at the bedside
4. Account for 10% of all strokes

Answer 7

1, 3 & 4

Question 8

The clotting cascade is triggered by:

1. Exposed collagen fibres
2. Damage to blood vessels
3. 1 & 2

Answer 8

3

Question 9

Heparin in an inhibitor of anti thrombin, true or false

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Clopidogrel and ticlopidine cause inhibition of ATP receptors of GPIIb/IIIa

Answer 10

False

Question 11

Antiplatlet drugs are only effective after haemorrhagic stroke, true or false

Answer 11

False

Question 12

A thrombus that has travelled to the brain from a more proximal location (heart or from wall of a proximal artery) is called an

Answer 12

Embolism

Question 13

An occlusion, usually in the atheromatous carotid, vertebral or cerebral artery is a

Answer 13

Thrombus

Question 14

A build up of fatty deposits on the inside walls of arteries is

Answer 14

Atherosclerosis

Question 15

An irregular heartbeat that can cause clots to form in the heart is

Answer 15

Atrial fibrilation

Question 16

What is the body’s own ‘clot buster’ and degrades fibrin

Answer 16

Plasmin

Question 17

What is plasmin formed from

Answer 17

Plasminogen

Question 18

Plasminogen is activated by _________ _________ which diffuse into the thrombus, converting plasminogen to ________

Answer 18

Plasminogen activators

Plasmin

Question 19

Which drugs activate plasminogen recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (rTPA’s)

Answer 19

Fibrinolytic drugs

Question 20

Altepase is an example of what kind of drug

Answer 20

Fibrinolytic

Question 21

Which drug ezymically activates plasminogen to give plasmin which digests fibrin and fibrinogen, lysing the clot?

Answer 21

Late paste

Question 22

How is altepase administered

Answer 22

IV

Question 23

Which drug produces these side effects:
Nausea and vomiting
Bleeding
Hypotension

Answer 23

Altepase

Question 24

How long do you have to administer altepase after symptom onset?

Answer 24

4.5 hours

Question 25

Is aspirin an NSAID?

Answer 25

Yes

Question 26

Which drug inhibits COX1, preventing thromboxane formation

Answer 26

Aspirin

Question 27

Which drugs prevent GPIIB/IIA receptor expression?

Answer 27

Antiplatlet

Question 28

What does GPIIB/IIA receptor expression do?

Answer 28

Stimulates the activation of new platelets and increases aggregation

Question 29

What stimulates the activation of new platelets and increases aggregation?

Answer 29

GPIIB/GPIIA

Question 30

What activates GPIIB/IIA receptor expression in platelet aggregation

Answer 30

Thromboxane

Question 31

Which drug inhibits thromboxane synthesis, preventing thromboxane formation

Answer 31

Dipyridamole

Question 32

Which drug blocks the actions of ADP at purinergic (ADP) receptors, inhibiting the binding of fibrinogen

Answer 32

Clopidogrel

Question 33

Which drug is a GPIIB/IIIA receptor antagonist, inhibiting platelet aggregation

Answer 33

Abciximab

Question 34

Abciximab, clopidogrel, dipyridamole and aspirin are all what types of drugs

Answer 34

Anti platelet drugs

Question 35

What type of drug activates antithrombin?

Answer 35

Anticoagulant

Question 36

Which drug activates the body’s own anti-clotting factors - antithrombin III

Answer 36

Heparin

Question 37

What type of drug is dalteparin sodium?

Answer 37

Heparin - anticoagulant

Question 38

Enoxaparin, dalteparin and tinzaparin are all which type of drug

Answer 38

Heparin, anticoagulant

Question 39

Which drug inhibits vitamin k reductase

Answer 39

Warfarin

Question 40

Where does warfarin act on?

Answer 40

Liver, inhibiting the enzyme vitamin K reductase

Question 41

What has symptoms similar to a stroke but is short lived and patients recover completely

Answer 41

Transient ischaemic attack

Question 42

What percentage of strokes are ischaemic

Answer 42

85%

Question 43

What is used to determine whether a stroke is ischaemic or haemorrhagic

Answer 43

CT or MRI scan

Question 44

Is altepase a short or long acting drug

Answer 44

Short acting

Question 45

Modifying platelet aggregation is important in ______ thrombosis

Answer 45

Arterial

Question 46

Modifying coagulation is most successful in ________ thrombosis

Answer 46

Venous

Question 47

How many mg of aspirin should be given to someone having an ischaemic stroke?

Answer 47

300mg

Question 48

How many weeks after an ischaemic stroke/TIA is aspirin typically given

Answer 48

2 weeks

Question 49

Which drug activates antithrombin III

Answer 49

Heparin

Question 50

Which form of heparin requires less monitoring?

Answer 50

Low molecular weight heparins

Question 51

Which works faster heparin or warfarin

Answer 51

Heparin

Question 52

What factors affect warfarins clotting time

Answer 52

Diet, drinking, acute illness

Question 53

When is the use of anticoagulants indicated for acute phase of ischaemic stroke

Answer 53

AF

Question 54

What drugs are given if a patient is having a haemorrhagic stroke?

Answer 54

None