Drugs and Alcohol Flashcards
What percentage of 15 to 25 year olds have a mental illness?
26.4%
What are the three top mental illnesses in 15 to 25 year olds?
Anxiety, substance abuse, depression
What is the leading cause of death in 15 to 25 year olds?
Suicide
What percentage of mental illness occurs before 25?
75%
What percentage of males and females seek help?
20% males and 30% females
Is cannabis use increasing or decreasing?
decreasing
What is cannabis use co morbid with? (3)
AOD
Depression
Psychosis (psychotic experiences and disorders)
What was removed from DSMIV to DSM V for AOD?
Legal Problems
What was added to the DSMV for AOD?
Cravings
How many criteria need to be meet for DSM V for AOD?
2 or more of all
What percentage of males and females seek help for AOD?
7% males and 18% females
What are the Youth AOD Treatments? (4)
- Regulatory
- Prevention
- Early intervention
- Treatment of AOD dependence
What regulatory approach was used to reduce tobacco use?
Increase in cigarette tax from 2013 to 2016 every year by 12.5%.
What regulatory approach was used to reduce alcohol use?
Tax alcopops, but reduced consumption of alcopops, but increased consumption by 2%.
What was the outcome of the CLIMATE research?
Average weekly drinking and cannabis use lower than control and reduced psychological distress
What are the risk factors? (4)
Early onset use (<14)
Disengaged youth
AOD related injury/illness
Family history of AOD dependence
What is involved in brief interventions?
1 - 2 sessions (15 minutes to 2 hours)
Assessment and feedback
Motivational interviewing
What are the key dimensions to change? (3)
Readiness, importance, confidence
What are the key approaches to motivational interviewing?
Collaboration
Evocation
Autonomy
Compassion
MUST KNOW:
What are the principles of motivational interviewing?
- Express empathy
- Develop discrepancy
- Respond to sustain talk and discord
- Support self-efficacy
What are the outcomes of personality targeted interventions?
Greater affect on days without drinking and total alcohol free days than motivational interviewing alone.
Does CBT have better outcomes than Insight orientated therapy and psychoeducation?
Yes
What does CBT do according to Hides et al study?
Reduces depression
Increases number of abstinent free days from alcohol
Reduces cannabis and other drug use
