Drugs and Alcohol

Question 1

What percentage of 15 to 25 year olds have a mental illness?

Answer 1

26.4%

Question 2

What are the three top mental illnesses in 15 to 25 year olds?

Answer 2

Anxiety, substance abuse, depression

Question 3

What is the leading cause of death in 15 to 25 year olds?

Answer 3

Suicide

Question 4

What percentage of mental illness occurs before 25?

Answer 4

75%

Question 5

What percentage of males and females seek help?

Answer 5

20% males and 30% females

Question 6

Is cannabis use increasing or decreasing?

Answer 6

decreasing

Question 7

What is cannabis use co morbid with? (3)

Answer 7

AOD

Depression

Psychosis (psychotic experiences and disorders)

Question 8

What was removed from DSMIV to DSM V for AOD?

Answer 8

Legal Problems

Question 9

What was added to the DSMV for AOD?

Answer 9

Cravings

Question 10

How many criteria need to be meet for DSM V for AOD?

Answer 10

2 or more of all

Question 11

What percentage of males and females seek help for AOD?

Answer 11

7% males and 18% females

Question 12

What are the Youth AOD Treatments? (4)

Answer 12

1. Regulatory
2. Prevention
3. Early intervention
4. Treatment of AOD dependence

Question 13

What regulatory approach was used to reduce tobacco use?

Answer 13

Increase in cigarette tax from 2013 to 2016 every year by 12.5%.

Question 14

What regulatory approach was used to reduce alcohol use?

Answer 14

Tax alcopops, but reduced consumption of alcopops, but increased consumption by 2%.

Question 15

What was the outcome of the CLIMATE research?

Answer 15

Average weekly drinking and cannabis use lower than control and reduced psychological distress

Question 16

What are the risk factors? (4)

Answer 16

Early onset use (<14)
Disengaged youth
AOD related injury/illness
Family history of AOD dependence

Question 17

What is involved in brief interventions?

Answer 17

1 - 2 sessions (15 minutes to 2 hours)

Assessment and feedback

Motivational interviewing

Question 18

What are the key dimensions to change? (3)

Answer 18

Readiness, importance, confidence

Question 19

What are the key approaches to motivational interviewing?

Answer 19

Collaboration

Evocation

Autonomy

Compassion

Question 20

MUST KNOW:

What are the principles of motivational interviewing?

Answer 20

1. Express empathy
2. Develop discrepancy
3. Respond to sustain talk and discord
4. Support self-efficacy

Question 21

What are the outcomes of personality targeted interventions?

Answer 21

Greater affect on days without drinking and total alcohol free days than motivational interviewing alone.

Question 22

Does CBT have better outcomes than Insight orientated therapy and psychoeducation?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

What does CBT do according to Hides et al study?

Answer 23

Reduces depression

Increases number of abstinent free days from alcohol

Reduces cannabis and other drug use