Affective Blindsight

Question 1

What is the visual pathway?

Answer 1

Optic Nerve - Optic Chasm - Lateral geniculate nucleus - optic radiation - striate cortex - superior corticulus - pretectum - hypothalamus - optic tract

Question 2

What doe the retina see?

Answer 2

dots

Question 3

What does the Lateral geniculate nucleus LGN see?

Answer 3

dots

Question 4

What does the Striate Cortex (V1) see?

Answer 4

-

Question 5

What does the Superior Coriculus (V2) see?

Answer 5

0-0

Question 6

What does the Pretectum (V4) see?

Answer 6

shapes eg triangle and squares

Question 7

At which point do contralateral field vision change?

Answer 7

optic chasm

Question 8

What is responsible for detecting moving objects in fields of vision?

Answer 8

Superior Corticulus

Question 9

What fissure differentiates inversion vision?

Answer 9

Calcarine Fissure

Question 10

What are clinical signs of hemianopia cases with cortical blindness? (6)

Answer 10

1. No blink response to threat
2. Opto-kinetic reflex may be absent
3. No alpha rythmn or posterior region (no response to opening and closing of eyes)
4. Photic reflex often persists (pupils still constrict)
5. Anton’s syndrome - denial of blindness or anosognisia
6. Possible amnesia - due to hippocampi damage

Question 11

What is Photic reflex?

Answer 11

Pupils still restrict

Question 12

What is Anton’s syndrome?

Answer 12

Denial of blindness or anosognisia

Question 13

What are signs of recovery from hemianopia? (4)

Answer 13

1. Presence/absence of light (without form)
2. Primitive movement
3. Contours
4. Colours

Question 14

Who did Gordon Holmes (1918) study?

Answer 14

WW1 soldiers with loss of vision

Question 15

Who did Poppel , Held et Frost (1973) study?

Answer 15

War veterans that could orient direction of gaze but did not report seeing stimuli

Question 16

Who did Humphrey (1974) study?

Answer 16

Monkeys with V1 damage that could still point and navigate

Question 17

What could Weiskrantz, Warrington, Sanders and Marshall (1974) patient DB still do? (5)

Answer 17

1. Able to orient gaze towards stimuli
2. Point to stimuli
3. Above chance for horizontal and vertical stimuli
4. Above chance guessing X and O’s/ squares and rectangles
5. Above chance at guessing movement

Question 18

Where do 10% of fibres from retina project to?

Answer 18

Superior Colliculus

Question 19

What is TN able to identify above chance?

Answer 19

Facial emotions (58-69%)

At chance for shapes and face/nonface (45%)

Question 20

Describe Ledoux Model?

Answer 20

Low road for sensory thalamus straight to amydala bypassing sensory cortex for fight/flight threats and must be rapid and crude

Question 21

Descrbe Weiskrantz’s Model?

Answer 21

Retina sends messages to LGN - VI - V2 - Temporal/pariental regions OR Superior Colliculus - Pulvinar - Amygdala

Question 22

What did Morris et al study determine?

Answer 22

Right amygdala stimulation occurred to conditioned angry faces even when subliminal and amygdala activity correlates with activity in superior colliculus and pulvinar

Question 23

What did Del Zotto et al study determine?

Answer 23

Brain responses faster to changes in emotional faces than neutral faces when measured with EEG ie transfer of information is fast

Question 24

What did Burra et al study determine?

Answer 24

For fear faces amygdala response is greater for broadband and low spacial frequency faces than neurtral ie transfer of information is crude

Question 25

What happens when TN observes starring faces?

Answer 25

Able to detect starring at 67% and amygdala detected