Drugs Affecting the Reproductive System Flashcards
Drugs that affect the female reproductive system
estrogen preparation
SERM
Progesterone/progestin
Combination products
Ovarian stimulants
Uterine motility drugs
Estregon preparation drugs
estradiol (Estrace)
estrogens, conjugated (Premarin)
estrogens, esterified (Menest)
estropipate (Ogen)
Indications of estrogen preparation
- hormone replacement therapy
- relief of moderate to severe symptoms of menopause
- components of combinations contraceptives
- hypogonadism
- atrophic vaginitis
- primary ovarian failure
- amenorrhea
- oophorectomy
- osteoporosis after menopause
Adverse effects of estrogen preparations
- menstrual irregularities
- amenorrhea
- dysmenorrhea
- nausea/vomiting
- bloating
- decreased libido
- breast swelling
- edema, hypertension
- dizziness
- migraine
- pancreatitis
- hepatic adenoma
- other estrogen dependent cancers
estrogen drug interactions:
increased serum level of ________ when given with ______
estradiol
grape juice
estrogen drug interactions:
increased therapeutic or toxic effects of
corticosteroids
estrogen drug interactions:
increased risk for emboli and thrombi formation when combined with ______
nicotine
estrogen drug interactions:
decreased serum level of estrogen when given in combination with
barbiturates, rifampin, tetracyclines, phenytoin, and St. John’s wort
Selective Estrogen
Receptor Modulators drugs
raloxifene (Evista)
toremifene (Fareston)
Indications of SERMs
breast cancer
post-menopausal osteoporosis
Adverse effects of SERMs
GI upset
nausea
vomiting
headache
dizziness
visual changes
mental changes
Stimulations of estrogen receptors at different sites may also cause?
hot flashes
skin rash
edema
vaginal bleeding
Drug interactions (SERMs):
reduces the absorption of raloxifene
Cholestyramine
Drug interactions (SERMs):
may interfere with binding
sites
highly protein-bound drugs
highly protein-bound drugs
diazepam (Valium)
ibuprofen (Motrin),
indomethacin (Indocin)
naproxen (Naprosyn)
Drug interactions (SERMs):
Warfarin taken with _______ may decrease the prothrombin time
raloxifene
Indications of progesterone/progestin
dysfunctional uterine bleeding
endometriosis
acne
premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)
relief sign and symptoms of menopause
some cancers
contraceptives
adverse effects of progesterone
headache, skin irritation, perineal pain, abdominal pain,
diminished sex drive, vaginal bleeding, and the ACHES signs
Fertility drugs
clomipheme (Clomid)
chorionic gonadotropin (Pregnyl)
cetrorelix (Cetrotide)
ganirelix (Antagon)
menotropins (Pergonal)
estrogen increases the effects of ______________ and ____________ but decreases the effects of _____________
corticosteroids
tricyclic antidepressants
anticoagulants
effects of estrogen and progestin are decreased with ___________ and _________
phenytoin and barbiturates
increases risk for thrombi and emboli
smoking
increases the effects of estrogen
grapefruit
are desirable when vaginal delivery is in the best interest of
the woman and the fetus.
oxytocic drugs
- stimulate the neuroreceptor sites to cause contraction of the uterine smooth muscles.
- They also stimulate contraction of the lacteal glands
which is important to promote milk ejection.
oxytocics
indication of oxytocic drugs
-induce uterine contraction
- promote uterine involution
-prevent and treat postpartum and postabortion uterine atony and hemorrhage
- stimulate milk ejection
- induce therapeutic abortion
Oxytocics drugs
ergonovine (Ergotrate)
methylergonovine (Methergine)
oxytocin (Syntocinon)
used to treat infertility in women with functioning
ovaries whose partners are fertile.
Clomiphenes
are used to
stimulate spermatogenesis in men with low sperm counts and otherwise normally
functioning testes.
menotropin
what form of oxytocic drug is given to promote uterine involution and milk letdown?
oral
adverse effects of oxytocics
abdominal cramping, uterine rupture, uterine hypertonicity,
decreased FHT, arrhythmia (mother and fetus), water intoxication, ergotism
contraindications of oxytocics
1st stage of
labor, malpresentation and CPD (cephalopelvic disproportion, severe PIH, previous CS, CV disorders
