drugs

Question 1

what do doctors call an addictive drug?

Answer 1

if it has the ability to make you dependant on it

Question 2

what may arise if a drug is taken regularly?

Answer 2

a tolerance

Question 3

why is tolerance to drugs created?

Answer 3

the brain adapts to higher levels of dopamine caused by the drug causing the regulation of natural production to change

Question 4

what regulation does tolerance change?

Answer 4

the natural production of dopamine

Question 5

what area of the brain do addictive drugs activate?

Answer 5

the reward system

Question 6

what is the reward system?

Answer 6

a pathway of dopamine releasing neurones

Question 7

what does the reward system include?

Answer 7

the ventral tangent and the nucleus accumbuns

Question 8

what happens when the reward system is activated?

Answer 8

increases the amount of dopamine being made

pleasurable feeling

Question 9

what feeling is created that accounts for addiction?

Answer 9

feel pleasure

Question 10

what are recreational drugs?

Answer 10

drugs that are taken in absence of medical grounds, for personal enjoyment
caffeine nicotine alcohol coke

Question 11

what is the mode of action of cannabis?

Answer 11

cannabis binds to cannaboid receptors which prevents neurotransmission from the presynaptic N to the post
hippocampus has a lot here so it affects memory
stops neurones from preventing dopamine production in the reward system
more dopamine

Question 12

which area of the brain has a lot of cannaboid receptors?

Answer 12

the hippocampus

Question 13

what does cannabis stop?

Answer 13

the neurones that prevent dopamine production

Question 14

what is the mode of action of amphetamines?

Answer 14

ampetemines force the release of dopamine and also block repute resulting in more dopamine in the synapse
in high doses can inhibit the enzymes that break down dopamine
have a similar stricter to dopamine so can enter the terminal button of presynaptic neurone via dopamine transporters and force the release of dopamine out of storage
can easily act on receptor sights so short term effects

Question 15

what is amphetamines similar to in structure?

Answer 15

dopamine

Question 16

how do amphetamines force the release of dopamine?

Answer 16

due to similarities in structure they can enter the presynaptic neurone via dopamine transporters and force the release from storage

Question 17

why are amphetamines only short term?

Answer 17

as they can easily act on receptor sites

Question 18

other than force release of dopamine what else do amphetamines do?

Answer 18

block reuptake of dopamine and inhibit enzymes that break it down in the synapse

Question 19

what is the mode if action of nicotine?

Answer 19

it mimics the naturally occurring chemical acetylcholine by docking on its receptors and mimicking its actions
also targets the reward system by increasing amount and transmission of dopamine by blocking the enzyme that breaks it down

Question 20

what chemical does nicotine mimic\?

Answer 20

acetylcholine

Question 21

how does nicotine mimic acetylcholine?

Answer 21

docking to its receptors and mimicking its actions

Question 22

other than mimicking what else does nictone do?

Answer 22

targets rewards system

Question 23

how does nictone target the reward system?

Answer 23

increasing amount and transmission of dopamine by blocking the enzyme that breaks it down

Question 24

where can credibility that Rdrugs create more dopamine but also a tolerance come from?

Answer 24

just observing people who take drugs and the fact they slowly take more and more

Question 25

what is a weakness of the idea of addiction and why we take drugs?

Answer 25

other explanations such as the learning theories

Question 26

why can it be too simplistic?

Answer 26

because ether is more than one reward pathway

having one mode of action for drugs is simplistic