Drugs Flashcards
Isoniazid (INH)
Anti tuberculosis
9 month treatment used with rifampin
Most commonly used anti-TB drug
Increased risk of adverse effects with alcoholism, diabetes, uremia malnourished are older
Hepatoxicity
Hepatitis
Alcoholics
Elderly
Peripheral neuropathy
Get baseline, liver function tests
Rifampin
Used with INH with active TB
Affects the use of other drugs, including benzodiazepines, corticosteroids, cyclosporine, estrogens, oral contraceptives, warfarin and others
Monitor PT/INR may need to increase dose on Coumadin patients
Take one hour before or two hours after meals
Adverse effects
Hepatotoxicity
Urine saliva, sputum, sweat, teeth, and tears to turn a reddish orange to reddish brown color
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
Rimantadine (flumadine)
Used to control outbreaks of influenza A
Oseltamivir (tamilfu)
Used to treat flu virus
Reduction of recovery for one to two days
Take with or without food
Life-threatening arrhythmias (Rare but serious )
Amantadine (symmetrel)
Flu
Blocks the uncoating of the virus, preventing penetration to the host
Side effects
Dizziness
Lightheadedness
Nervousness with anxiety
Inability to concentrate 
Zanamivir (relenza)
Flu
Disc inhaler delivery system
Use cautiously with COPD and asthmatic patients 
Glucocorticoids
Used with acute exasperations of COPD not long-term
Reduction of inflammation
Side effects
Weight gain
Fluid retention
Night sweats
Insomnia
Hypokalemia leading to risk of cardiac arrhythmias
Anxiety increased heart rate
Increases appetite
Easy bruising
Long term side effects
Bone weakness
Osteoporosis
Weakened immune system
Antitussives
Cough prevention
Dextromethorphan
Cough, suppressant neurological level of the brain that triggers the cough reflux
Side effects
Hallucinations, confusion, agitation, increased, heart rate 
Nasal decongestant
Pseudoephedrine
Fluticasone
Stimulant increased heart rate
Shrink, swollen, nasal mucus membranes
Increases drainage of sinus secretion
Side effects hypertension urinary retention arrhythmias 
Antihistamines
Diphenhydramine (Benedetto)
Allergies
Sedating
Common side effect, fatigue, dry mouth 
Non-sedating antihistamines
Cetirizine (Zyrtec)
Laoratadine (Claritin)
Treatment of allergies, common side effect, dry mouth, headache, and a Abdominal pain, serious side effect includes aggression and angioedema works at the histamine receptor level 
Sympathomimetics
Albuterol
Opens up the bronchi of the lungs
Treatment for asthmatics COPD exasperation allergic reactions that caused bronchial tightness
Relaxes the smooth muscles of the airway
Side effects
Shakiness
Anxiety
Headache
Tachycardia
Bronchospasm
Low potassium
Metaproternol
Salmetrol
Terbutaline 
Anticholinegics
Ipratropium bromide
Tiotroprium
Xanthines
Aminophyline
Theophylline
Bronchodilator
Inhaled, steroids and tropical steroid nasal decongestants
Budesonide
Flunisolide
Beclomethasone
Fluticasone aerosol
Triamcinolone
Leukotriene receptor agonist
Zafirlukast
Montelukast
Asthma
Mast cell stabilizer
Cromilyn (nasalcrom)
Epoietin alfa (epogen, procrit)
Iron preparation
Cyanocobalamin
Vitamin B12
Relieves symptoms of anemia
Decreased H&H fatigue, dyspnea
Improved neurological symptoms
Paresthesia, sore tongue
Injections continued for life 
Antihemophilic agents
Ineffective tissue perfusion related to changes in coagulation
Acute pain related to side effects
Deficient knowledge related to drug therapy
Monitor for response
Monitor For adverse effects
Evaluate effective teaching
Monitor compliance 
Antithrombotic and antithromboembolic medication’s
Anticoagulants
Used in thrombotic disorders
Antiplatelets
Used to prevent arterial thrombosis
Thrombolytics
Dissolve, thrombi, and limit tissue damage and thromboembolic disorders 
Thrombolytic agents
Goal reestablish blood flow as quickly as possible prevent limit tissue damage

Strict timeline for administration within four hours of symptoms
Main adverse effect bleeding
-ase
Anticoagulants
Given to prevent new clot formation, and extension of clots present
Indications for use prevention or management of thromboembolic disorders
Thrombophlebitis DVT pulmonary embolism
Main adverse effect bleeding
Drug drug interactions 
Anticoagulant heparin
Regulated by activated, partial thromboplastin time aPTT
Warfarin regulated by international normalized ratio (INR), Based on prothrombin time (PT)
Lab drawn daily until therapeutic
Once therapeutic drawn every 2 to 4 weeks for duration of anticoagulant therapy, unless dose adjusted 
Heparin, warfarin antidote
Heparin protamine sulfate
Warfarin, vitamin K 
Colony stimulating factors CSF
Stimulate production of red blood cells, platelets granulocytes
Filgrastim (neupogen)
Stimulates bone marrow to correct neutropenia
Used for neutropenia caused by chemotherapy, bone marrow transplant
Stimulates stem cell production
Subcutaneous or IV administration
Not to be given within 24 hours of chemo 
