Drugs Flashcards
Azidothymidine AZT
Deoxythymidine analog phosphorylated by host cellular kinase used in HIV MECH: termination of DNA due to lack of 3’ OH
Ciprofloxacin
Quinolone antibiotic inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase
Didanosine (ddl)
Deoxyadenosine analog phosphorylated by host cellular kinase used in HIV mech: termination of DNA due to lack of 3’ OH
Tenofovir
Deoxyadenosine-P analog phosphorylated by host cellular kinase used in HIV termination of DNA chain.
Acyclovir
Deoxyguanisine analog used in HSV and VZV phosphorylated by VIRAL kinase termination of DNA due to lack of 3’ OH
Cytosine Arabinoside (araC)
Deoxycytosine analog phosphorylated by host cellular kinase used in leukemia termination of DNA due to stereo restraint
Adenosine Arabinoside (araA) (Vidarabine)
Deoxyadenosine analog phosphorylated by host cellular kinases used in HSV and Relapsed Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia termination of DNA due to stereo restraint
Decitabine (5-methyl-2’ deoxycytidine)
Deoxycytidine analog used in cancer causes inability of DNA methyltransferase to methylated 5’ N (removes suppression of P15 tumor suppressor gene)
Camptothecin
Used in cancer inhibits topoisomerase I (affects cancerous and normal cells)
Etoposide
Used in cancer inhibits topoisomerase II (affects cancerous and Normal cells)
Actinomycin D (Dactinomycin)
Used in cancer and as antibiotic (developing countries) intercalated with DNA prevents replication and transcription
Rifampin
Used in TB lock and key inhibitor of RNA polymerase of bacteria
Diphtheria toxin
ADP-ribosylation of ef2 blocks termination and elongation
Streptomycin
Amino glycoside distorts 30s ribosome prevents assembly, not used frequently (affects Eukaryotes)
Tetracycline
Four rings block movement of aminoacyl tRNA prevents elongation antibiotic
Erythromycin
Macrolide antibiotic binds to 50s ribosome, prevents movement and elongation
Chloramphenicol
Inhibits prokaryotic peptidyl transferase activity of ribosome (may inhibit mitochondrial ribosomes)
Cyclohexamide
Organic molecule used in labs inhibits eukaryotic peptidyl transferase
Puromycin
Partial aminoacyl tRNA analog causes peptide to fall out of ribosomal P site, toxic to everything
Allopurinol
Used for gout suicide inhibition of xanthine oxidase substrate analog binds to enzyme and interferes with molybdenum cofactor
DFP (di-isopropyl fluorophosphate)
Nerve gas poison irreversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase
Aspirin (N-Acetyl-salicilic acid)
Irreversible inhibitor of cox1 and cox2
