Drug Side Effects (GI) Flashcards
5-HT3 receptor antagonists.
Constipation, may cause long QT if used with other QT prolonging drugs.
Neurokinin-1 receptor antagonists.
Hiccups, constipation/diarrhoea, fatigue, flatulence.
Muscarinic ACh receptor antagonist.
Associated with decreased parasympathetic stimulation: dry mouth, constipation, dilation of pupils, drowsiness, blurred vision.
H1 receptor antagonists (anti-emetics).
Same as anti-muscarinics but also drowsiness and sedation.
Dopamine receptor antagonist: domperidone.
Prolongs QT interval.
Dopamine receptor antagonist: metoclopramide.
Extra-pyramidal effects esp in young adults and the elderly.
Cannabinoid receptor agonists.
Mood and behavioural changes, hallucination/psychosis, confusion/euphoria, drowsiness, vertigo.
Antacids.
Aluminium - constipation.
Magnesium - diarrhoea.
Alginate rafts (gaviscon).
No side effects.
PPIs.
GI disturbances, headaches, bacterial overgrowths (c.diff), increased incidence of respiratory and enteric infections.
H2 receptor antagonist (ranitidine).
GI disturbances, rash.
Mucosal protectants: sucralfate.
Constipation, bezoar formation, GI obstruction.
Mucosal protectans: bismuth chealate.
Darken tongue and faeces, N+V.
Anti-motility drugs.
Constipation, urinary retention, drowsiness (codeine), anti-secretory effects e.g. dry mouth.
Stimulants.
Abdominal cramps.
Dantron.
Skin irritant, carcinogenic.
Abuse/overuse of laxatives/purgatives.
Hypokalaemia, dehydration, dependency and tolerance.
Glucocorticoids.
Oropharyngeal candidiasis (oral thrush), adrenal suppression, cushingoid symptoms, weight gain, immunosuppressant, osteoporosis, diabetes mellitus.
5-aminosalicylates.
Diarrhoea, nausea, interstitial nephritis, yellow-orange skin and urine and body fluids discolouration, staining of contact lens, haemoatological toxicity, hepatotoxicity.
Pancreatin.
Peri-oral skin irritation, buccal mucosa irritation, peri-anal skin irritation, N&V.
