Drug Reactions Flashcards
What type of Immunologically-mediated reaction is anaphylaxis and urticaria?
Type 1
What type of Immunologically-mediated reaction are Immune complex-mediated reactions eg Purpura/rash?
Type 3
What type of Immunologically-mediated reaction are cell-mediated delayed hypersensitivity reactions egT-cell mediated, Erythema/rash?
Type 4
What type of Immunologically-mediated reaction are Cytotoxic reactions eg Pemphigous & pemphigoid?
Type 2
Are allergic drug reactions dose dependent?
No
Is the skin very immunologically active?
Yes
Is skin erosion or atrophy from topically applied 5-
fluorouracil or steroids dose dependant?
Yes - non allergic reactions are dose dependent
Who should you consider as having had a drug reaction?
Any patient who is taking medication and
develops a symmetric skin eruption of sudden
appearance.
Most common type of drug reaction?
Exanthematous Drug Eruptions (is a type 4)
List some drugs associated with Exanthematous Drug Eruptions?
Penicillins Sulphonamide antibiotics Erythromycin Streptomycin Allopurinol Anti-epilepitics: carbamazepine NSAIDs Phenytoin Chloramphenicol
Which drugs can cause acne?
Glucocorticoids (steroid acne)
Androgens (therapeutic), lithium, isoniazid,
phenytoin
What causes the rare reaction Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)?
Antibiotics, calcium channel blockers,
antimalarials
What causes Linear IgA disease?
vancomycin
What causes Drug-induced bullous pemphigoid?
ACE inhibitors, penicillin, furosemide
What symptoms are caused by Severe Cutaneous Adverse reactions?
Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)
Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN)
Acute generalised exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP)
Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms
(DRESS)
Are Phototoxic cutaneous drug reactions immunological?
No
