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Vitamins & Minerals - CNS Exam & UB Comp Exam > Drug & Nutrient Interactions > Flashcards

Drug & Nutrient Interactions Flashcards

1
Q

1 + 1 = 5 is an example of:

A) The additive effect
B) Antagonism
C) Synergism
D) Cross–tolerance
E) Tolerance
A

C) Synergism

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2
Q

If a + b = B, then this is an example of:

A) Antagonism
B) The additive effect
C) Cross–tolerance
D) Tolerance
E) Potentiation
A

E) Potentiation

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3
Q

If someone needs to take more of a drug to exert the same effect it once did, this is an example of:

A) Potentiation
B) Tolerance
C) Antagonism
D) Synergism
E) The additive effect
A

B) Tolerance

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4
Q

You are an anesthesiologist preparing a patient for surgery. You notice that in his chart it says he is an alcoholic. As you give a standard amount of anesthetic, you notice the patient isn’t affected by it as much as you thought he would be. This is because the alcohol is with the anesthetic:

A) None of these answers are correct
B) Synergistic
C) Potentiated
D) Additive
E) Cross–tolerant
A

E) Cross–tolerant

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5
Q

You are an ER doctor with a patient that has come in at midnight suffering from a drug overdose for which there is an antidote. You give him this antidote, which is a(n) ______ to the illicit drug the patient took. (Hint: this helps to put a stop to the drug that’s causing the harm):

A) Cross–tolerant
B) Additive
C) Tolerant
D) Synergist
E) Antagonist
A

E) Antagonist

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6
Q

You should avoid grapefruit juice if you are taking this cholesterol–lowering medication.

A) Metformin
B) Acetaminophen
C) Statins
D) Omeprazole

A

C) Statins

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7
Q

Taking MAOIs and eating too many tyramine–rich foods can cause this dangerous result.

A) An increase of your blood pressure to an unsafe level
B) A decrease of your blood sugar to an unsafe level
C) Abnormal bleeding
D) Heart rhythm problems

A

A) An increase of your blood pressure to an unsafe level

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8
Q

If you are taking digoxin for the treatment of heart failure, you must avoid this glycyrrhiza–containing food.

A) Natural Black Licorice
B) Hot Dogs
C) Lunch Meats
D) Orange Juice

A

A) Natural Black Licorice

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9
Q

People being treated for depression with MAOIs should avoid aged cheese and chocolate because they contain this amino acid.

A) Glutamine
B) Threonine
C) Cysteine
D) Tyramine

A

D) Tyramine

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10
Q

If you are taking a blood thinner, like warfarin, you want to monitor you intake of this vitamin that helps with blood clotting.

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin E
C) Vitamin K
D) Vitamin D

A

C) Vitamin K

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11
Q

St. John’s wort and which of these depression drugs can cause a potentially dangerous interaction?

A) MAOIs
B) SSRIs
C) NSAIDS
D) BID

A

B) SSRIs

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12
Q

Which of the following herbs could alter the effectiveness of blood thinners?

A) Ginkgo biloba
B) All of the answers are correct
C) Ginseng
D) Saw palmetto

A

B) All of the answers are correct

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13
Q

A big salad made of kale and spinach followed by a cup of green tea might not be a good meal for a person taking this blood–thinning medication?

A) Warfarin
B) ACE inhibitors
C) Digoxin
D) Beta blockers

A

A) Warfarin

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14
Q

This dangerous condition that causes confusion, agitation, headaches, sweating and changes to heart rate and blood pressure can be associated with taking St. John’s wort?

A) Cardiac failure
B) GERD
C) Serotonin syndrome
D) Clinical depression

A

C) Serotonin syndrome

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15
Q

A pregnant woman should check with her doctor before taking NSAIDS to make sure this nutrient is not depleted by the drugs.

A) Vitamin B12
B) Estrogen
C) Folic acid
D) Sodium

A

C) Folic acid

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16
Q

Diuretics are often prescribed to treat high blood pressure, but some types of diuretics can deplete the body of this nutrient.

A) Vitamin D
B) Vitamin E
C) Potassium
D) Progesterone

A

C) Potassium

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17
Q

Acid reduces can relieve your heartburn, but could also cause your body to lose this nutrient.

A) Vitamin D
B) Potassium
C) Vitamin A
D) Calcium

A

D) Calcium

18
Q

Vitamin K is made by good bacteria in your intestine. Therefore, it is vulnerable to these bacteria fighting drugs.

A) Antihistamines
B) Antibiotics
C) Diuretics
D) Statins

A

B) Antibiotics

19
Q

These popular cholesterol–lowering drugs can deplete the body of coenzyme Q10.

A) NSAIDS
B) SSRIs
C) Statins
D) Diuretics

A

C) Statins

20
Q

The diuretic effect of alcohol could lead to the depletion of which nutrient(s)?

A) B Vitamins
B) Vitamin K
C) Vitamin E
D) Vitamin D

A

A) B Vitamins

21
Q

Which of the following could explain why macronutrients are diminished in an alcoholic?

A) An alcoholic might substitute alcohol for food.
B) Alcohol can negatively impact the digestive enzymes needed to break down macronutrients.
C) Alcohol damages cells of the digestive tract, which makes it hard to digest and absorb macronutrients.
D) All of the answers are correct.

A

D) All of the answers are correct.

22
Q

How can a heavy drinker lessen the impact of nutrient depletion?

A) Take a nutritional supplement
B) Reduce alcohol intake
C) All of the answers are correct
D) Eat a nutrient–rich diet

A

C) All of the answers are correct

23
Q

When dietary fat intake is decreased, it affects the absorption of which fat–soluble vitamin?

A) Vitamin A
B) Vitamin C
C) Potassium
D) Vitamin B

A

A) Vitamin A

24
Q

Which water–soluble vitamins are needed by the liver to help break down alcohol?

A) C vitamins
B) D vitamins
C) A vitamins
D) B vitamins

A

D) B vitamins

25
Q

A pro associated with the Mediterranean diet is that it has been shown to reduce your risk of this condition.

A) Heart disease
B) Cystic fibrosis
C) Osteoarthritis
D) Phenlyketonuria

A

A) Heart disease

26
Q

Following this diet, which eliminates most animal–based foods, may lower your blood pressure.

A) Mediterranean diet
B) Vegetarian diet
C) Paleo diet
D) Atkins diet

A

B) Vegetarian diet

27
Q

This popular diet plan focuses on keeping carbohydrates low.

A) Paleo diet
B) Vegetarian diet
C) Atkins diet
D) Mediterranean diet

A

C) Atkins diet

28
Q

Which of the following describes therapeutic foods?

A) All of the answers are correct
B) A high–energy food that is delivered in an accessible package
C) A practical food source that is useful in the fight against malnutrition
D) Prepared foods that provide calories and nutrients

A

A) All of the answers are correct

29
Q

This type of therapeutic food requires no cooking and does not need to be mixed with water.

A) Meal, Ready–to–use (MRU)
B) Ready–to–use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF)
C) Personal Nutrition Foods (PNF)
D) Army Readiness Meals (ARM)

A

B) Ready–to–use Therapeutic Foods (RUTF)

30
Q

Which of the following statements is FALSE concerning RUTF?

A) They are a safe food source that can be provided to a child in their home or a medical setting.
B) They contain vitamins and minerals.
C) They are delivered in ready–to–eat packages.
D) A drawback is that they carry with them a high risk of bacterial contamination.

A

D) A drawback is that they carry with them a high risk of bacterial contamination.

31
Q

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning RUTF?

A) They must be refrigerated
B) They spoil easily
C) They have a long shelf life
D) They are typically low in fat

A

C) They have a long shelf life

32
Q

This emerging science studies the interaction between the foods you eat and the genes that cause disease.

A) Neuroscience
B) Nutritional Therapy
C) Dietetics
D) Nutrigenomics

A

D) Nutrigenomics

33
Q

This phytonutrient gives tomatoes their rich color and may protect against prostate cancer.

A) Lycopene
B) Anthocyanins
C) Omega–3 fatty acid
D) Glucosinolates

A

A) Lycopene

34
Q

Green tea contains this antioxidant that protects your cells from free radical damage.

A) Lycopene
B) Catechins
C) Carotenoids
D) Flaxseed

A

B) Catechins

35
Q

Resveratrol, which is found in this beverage, is thought to be healthy for your heart.

A) Green tea
B) Hot chocolate
C) Carrot juice
D) Red wine

A

D) Red wine

36
Q

Which of the following is NOT true concerning a balanced diet for children?

A) A balanced diet approach may be the best way to guard against the negative effects of childhood obesity
B) A benefit of a balanced diet is assurance that recommended daily allowances of nutrients are met
C) A benefit of a balanced diet is proper growth and development
D) All of the answers are true concerning a balanced diet for children
E) It should include drastic changes focused on restricting bad foods

A

E) It should include drastic changes focused on restricting bad foods

37
Q

Which of the following terms is used to describe a rare genetic disorder that results in a child chronically overeating due to an inability to feel full?

A) Pertussis
B) Bulimia Nervosa
C) Prader–Willi Syndrome
D) Pernicious Anemia
E) Binge Eating
A

C) Prader–Willi Syndrome

38
Q

Which of the following is a factor related to a child’s environment that may contribute to the risk of childhood obesity?

A) Schools require children to sit for long periods
B) A lack of community sidewalks or safe bike paths and parks could prohibit children from playing outdoors
C) Large portion–sizes and low–nutrient options are easily available in schools and communities
D) All of the answers are factors that may contribute to childhood obesity
E) A child is likely to mimic poor nutritional choices displayed by parents and caregivers

A

D) All of the answers are factors that may contribute to childhood obesity

39
Q

Which of the following is NOT a suggestion for a balance diet?

A) Replacing refined breads and cereals with whole–grain and high–fiber varieties
B) Monitoring calorie intake to maintain a healthy weight
C) All of the answers are good suggestions for a balanced diet
D) Providing fat–free or low–fat dairy foods
E) Replacing whole fruits and vegetables with juice

A

E) Replacing whole fruits and vegetables with juice

40
Q

According to the CDC how is childhood obesity defined?

A) A BMI at or above the 85th percentile for children of the same age and sex
B) Childhood obesity is based solely on concerns from parents and school officials
C) A BMI at or above the 50th percentile for children of the same age and sex
D) Any child whose weight is higher than 95 percent of his or her classmates
E) A BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children of the same age and sex

A

E) A BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children of the same age and sex

41
Q

Angiogenesis inhibitors are used as cancer biotherapy drugs. Common symptoms caused by these drugs include all of the following except:

a. hypertension
b. gastrointestinal perforation
c. edema
d. hypothyroidism

A

c. edema

Other symptoms may include arterial thromboembolic events, hemorrhage, and proteinuria

Vitamins & Minerals - CNS Exam & UB Comp Exam (17 decks)

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