Drug Inventory & Dispensing

Question 1

What does clinic inventory include?

Answer 1

Tangible good that are sold at the clinic:
pharmaceuticals
syringes/needles
pet food
collars/leases
drugs/supplies used in clinic

Question 2

What is inventory turnover?

Answer 2

the time from when an item is bought until it is sold/used

Question 3

How often should inventory turnover occur?

Answer 3

average 8 times per year or less

Question 4

What is the FIFO method, what does it ensure?

Answer 4

“first in first out”, ensures that the oldest is used first and helps keep the drugs from expiring

Question 5

What drugs must be unpacked immediately upon arrival?

Answer 5

refrigerated drugs, controlled drugs

Question 6

where are prescription drugs stored?

Answer 6

behind the counter

Question 7

When using drugs in clinic what are some important things to remember?

Answer 7

sterile needle used to withdraw from every time, never leave needle in the bottle, always inject animal with sterile needle

Question 8

How can we ensure safe drug use by owners?

Answer 8

check that the owner is aware of correct use; species, age, route of administration, withdrawal times, other warnings

Question 9

What is 3-way check?

Answer 9

Always check you have the correct drug when you:
1. pick it up
2. draw it up/count it out
3. put it back

Question 10

What must be included on a prescription label?

Answer 10

• vets name, clinic name, address, phone #
• client & patient name and species
• drug name and concentration
• DIN and exp date
• amount dispensed
• date dispensed
• clear and specific instructions for use - lay people
• supplemental labels (shake well, refrigerate)
• for vet use only
• withdrawal times for food animals

Question 11

Why must we only split pills that are already scored?

Answer 11

The amount of drug seldom comes out to an exact whole or half tablet

Question 12

What is drug residue?

Answer 12

the presence of a drug, chemical or metabolite in animal tissue or food product

Question 13

Why is antibiotic residue a concern?

Answer 13

may affect milk cultures at the plant, may affect humans ingesting the meat, milk or milk products, eggs or antler

Question 14

What can residues cause in humans?

Answer 14

• allergic reactions
• Diarrhea – by killing off beneficial gut microflora
• Resistances in bacteria
  – MRSA - methicillin resistant Staph aureus
• Hepatotoxicity
• Reproductive disorders
• Carcinogenicity (sulphamethazine,
  oxytetracycline, furazolidone)
• Nephropathy (gentamicin)
• Bone marrow toxicity (chloramphenicol)

Question 15

What are the most common antibiotic residues?

Answer 15

penicillin, tetracycline, and sulfas

Question 16

What route of drug administration accounts for the most drug residue?

Answer 16

IM

Question 17

What are the causes of injection site lesions?

Answer 17

• injection into prime cuts of meat
• dirty, bent or dull needles
• using products that cause local reactions
• incorrect route
• lg volumes at one site
• poor restraint during injection
• ELDU

Question 18

How can we decrease incidence of injection site lesions?

Answer 18

• strictly follow label
• proper injection sites
• proper injection techniques
• adhere to guidelines for volumes per injection site
• proper restraint

Question 19

What are the 3 types of hazards that can pose food safety and quality risks?

Answer 19

chemical hazards - livestock medicine & pesticide residue
biological hazards - bacterial contamination and parasites
physical hazards - broken needles, sediment, dust and flies

Question 20

What is a critical control point?

Answer 20

identifiable areas in a food producing plant where threats are posed from the 3 hazards