Drug interactions + adverse reactions Flashcards
What is the most important adverse drug reaction to monitor in a patient on IV morphine?
respiratory rate/depression
What is the most likely cause of ankle swelling in a patient with hypertension and no improvement to swelling on diuretics?
amlodipine
What are 2 drugs used for hypertension/heart failure that interact to cause hyperkalaemia?
ramipril
spironolactone
What are 2 drugs used for hypertension/heart failure that interact to cause bradycardia?
bisoprolol
digoxin
What is a clinically important adverse drug reaction of bisphosphonates?
osteonecrosis of the jaw
What is a clinically important adverse drug reaction of metformin?
lactic acidosis
What is a clinically important adverse drug reaction of clozapine/carbimazole?
marrow suppression
What is a clinically important adverse drug reaction of statins?
myositis
What adverse reaction can occur from drugs that block AV node conduction?
bradycardia
What adverse reaction can occur from drugs that cause arterial dilatation?
hypotension
What adverse reaction can occur from CNS drugs?
sedation
What adverse reaction can occur from antiplatelets/anticoagulants?
haemorrhage
What adverse reaction can occur from drugs that act on aldosterone and kidney?
potassium and other electrolyte abnormalities
Describe on target adverse drug reaction and off target adverse drug reaction for beta blockers?
on target = blocks beta 1 receptors in the heart to cause bradycardia
off target = blocks beta 2 receptors in the airway to cause bronchoconstriction
What are some general ways drugs can interact with each other?
they act on the same target or off-target site
they affect similar areas of human physiology
one affects the metabolism/elimination of others
