Drug Induced Disease Flashcards
QTc prolongation is a QTc of
> =500 ms
or
=60 ms from baseline
what are 6 classes that can cause QT prolongation
antiarrhythmics
antibiotics
antipsychotics
antidepressants
antiemetics
antifungals
nonmodifiable risks for QT prolongation
> 65, female, genetics, CV disease
which 3 antiarrhythmics cause QT prolong
sotalol, amiodarone, dofetilide
which 2 antibiotic classes cause QT prolong
fluoroquinolones
macrolides
main antidepressant that prolongs QT
citalopram
after d/c the offending drug, what is done to treat TORSADES
magnesium push or infusion
transcutaneous pacing
isoproterenol infusion
avoid prolonging agents in pt with pretreatment QTc of
> 450
reduce dose or d/c prolonging agent if QTc increases
> 60 from pretreatment
d/c QT prolonging agent if QTc increases to
> 500
which 2 electrolytes should be maintained when treating QT PROLONGATION
K>4
Mg>2
which 3 classes contribute to Na and volume retention HF
NSAIDs, steroids, TZDs
class with BBW to avoid in HF class III and IV
TZDs
2 chemo anthracyclines that cause direct cardiotoxicity and HF
doxorubicin, daunorubicin
the max lifetime anthracycline dose is
500 mg/m2
is cardiomyopathy from anthracyclines reversible?
irreversible
agent that causes reversible cardiomyopathy through inhibition at HER2 receptors
trastuzumab
agent with BBW for reductions in LVEF and development of HF
trastuzumab
2 classes that can cause HF due to negative inotropy
non-DHP CCBs
beta-blockers
agent that causes MI due to vasospasm and vasoconstriction of coronary arteries
cocaine
main treatment for chest pain and HTN in cocaine induced MI
benzos
agent with BBW for increased risk of thrombotic CV events, MI, or stroke
NSAIDs
3 main roles of the liver are
metabolism
synthesis
detoxification
what are the 2 aminotransferases? what are their normal ranges?
AST & ALT
normal 5-40 U/L
