drug eruptions Flashcards
what is the most commonly reported drug side effecr
skin eruptions
what does exanthematous mean
causes a rash
type IV hyper sensitivity
cell mediated delayed response reaction
type 1 hypersensitivity mechanism
antibody mediated
type 2 hypersensitivity mechanism
cytotoxic reaction
type 3 hyper sensitivity
immine complex mediated reactions
anaphylaxis and/or urticaria is what type of hypersensitivity
type 1
blistering reactions is whqat type of hypersensitivity
type 2
purpuria/vasculitis/rash is what type of hypersensitivity
type 3
erythema/rash is what type of hypersensitivity
type 4
what hypersensitivity is T cell mediated
type 4
eczema is what type of reaction
non immunological
drug indiced alopecia is what type of reaction
non immunological
phototoxicity is what type of reaction
non immunological
skin erosion due to topical 5-fluorouracil is what type of reaction
non immunological
atrophy due to topical corticosteroids is what type of reaction
non immunological
psoriasis is what type of reaction
non immunological
pigmentation is what type of reaction
non immunological
cheilitis, xerosis is what type of reaction
non immunological
what can cause cheilitis
retinoid
what can cause asteatotic eczema
statins and retinoids
what does xerosis mean
dryness
what are risk factors for drugs responsuvke for cutaneous reactions
B lactam, NSAIDs, high molecular weight / hapten - forming drugs, rough dose and half life
what kind of reaction is not dose dependent
immunological
what is the most common type of drug eruption
exanthematous
what type of reaction is exanthematous
type IV
appearnace of exanthematous
wide spread symmetrically distributed rash with mucous membranes usually spared
presentantion of exanthematous
itch, mild fever, and rash
onset of exanthematous (time)
4-21 days after first taking the drug
drugs associated with exantheatous reactions
penicillins, sulphonamides, erythromycin, streptomycin, allopurinol, anti epileptics, NSAIs and chloramphenicol
urticarial is also known as
hives
what is the mechanism of urticarial
IgE type 1 hypersensitibity or diret release of inflammatory mediators
what may drug induced urticarial reactions be associated with
angioedema / anaphylaxis
what drugs cause drug induced bullous pemphigoid
ACEi, penicillin, furosemide
what is stevens-johnson syndrome presentation
flu like symptoms then rash then blisters aand sores
what can cause immediate prickling with delayed erythema and pigmentation
chlorpromazide, amiodarone
what causes exaggerated easy sunburining
quinine, thiazides, demeclocycline
what causes telangiectasia on sun exposed sites
CCBs
what causes delayed 3 - 5 days erythema and pigmentation
psoralens
what causes increased skin fragility
nalidixic acid, tetracycline naproxen, amiodarone
