Drug Cards- Week Five

Question 1

Morphine Sulfate

Roxanol, MS, Contin

Answer 1

Class: Opioid analgesic (schedule II narcotic).
Action: Alleviates pain via CNS, depresses brain stem respiratory centers, increases peripheral venous capacitance and decreases venous return, decreases preload/afterload.
Indications: Severe CHF, CP assoc. w/ acute MI, pain.
Contraindications: Head injury, COPD, respiratory depression, hypotension, decreased LOC.
Side Effects: Sedation, CNS depression, respiratory depression, hypotension, nausea, tachycardia.
Dose: 2-10mg adults, 0.1-0.2mg/kg peds.

Question 2

Narcan

Naloxone Hydrochloride

Answer 2

Class: Opioid antagonist, antidote
Action: Inhibition at narcotic receptor site, reverses respiratory depression, inhibits effect of Morphine.
Indications: Opiate OD
Contraindications: Use caution with narcotic-dependent patients and neonates of narcotic addicted mothers.
Side Effects: Seizures, dyspnea, tachycardia, HTN, pulmonary edema, vomiting, restlessness.
Dose: 0.5-2mg adults, 0.1mg/kg peds.

Question 3

Nitroglycerin

Nitrostat, Nitro-bid, Tridil

Answer 3

Class: Vasodilator
Action: Reduces preload/afterload, decreases workload of heart and myocardial O2 demand.
Indications: Acute angina, CP, HTN, CHF.
Contraindications: Hypotension, hypovolemia, sexual enhancement drugs within 24 hours, head injury, RV infarct.
Side Effects: Headache, dizziness, syncope, reflex tachy, hypotension, diaphoresis.
Dose: 0.4mg sublingual, adults only.

Question 4

Propofol

Diprivan

Answer 4

Class: Short acting sedative hypnotic.
Action: Rapid/brief state of general anesthesia.
Indications: Anesthesia induction/maintenance, sedation for mechanically ventilated pts.
Contraindications: Hypovolemia, hypersensitivity to soybean, peyanuts, eggs.
Side Effects: Seizure, apnea, dysrhythmias, hypo/hypertension, N/V, acute renal failure.
Dose: 1.5-3mg/kg adults, 2.5-3.5mg/kg peds.

Question 5

Recoronium bromide

Zemuron

Answer 5

Class: Nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocker.
Action: Acetycholine agonist at motor end plate (producing skeletal muscle paralysis).
Indications: RSI.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to bromides, heart/liver disease.
Side Effects: Bronchospasm, Rhonchi/wheezing, respiratory depression, tachycardia, transient hypo and hypertension, N/V.
Dose: 0.6-1.2mg/kg adults and peds.