Drug Cards- Week Eight

Question 1

Glucagon

GlucoGen

Answer 1

Class: Hyperglycemic agent, pancreatic hormone, insulin antagonist.
Action: Increase BG by stimulating glycogenesis, stabilizes cardiac rhythm in beta blocker OD, decreases GI secretions, minimal positive ino/chrono response.
Indications: ALOC w/ hypoglycemia, beta blocker/calcium channel blocker OD.
Contraindications: Hyperglycemia, hypersensitivity.
Side Effects: Dizziness, headache, HTN, tachycardia, N/V, rebound hypoglycemia.
Dose: 0.5-1mg adults, 0.03-0.1mg/kg peds.

Question 2

Haloperidol Lactate
(Haldol)

Answer 2

Class: Tranquilizer, antipsychotic.
Action: Inhibits CNS catecholamine receptors; depresses subcortical areas, midbrain and ascending reticular activating system.
Indications: Acute psychotic episodes.
Contraindications: Parkinson’s Disease, depresses mental status, shock/hypoxia, hypersensitivity.
Side Effects: Seizures, sedation, restlessness, dystonia, respiratory depression, hypotension, tachycardia, orthostatic hypotension, QT prolongation, drooling.
Dose: 2-5mg adults only.

Question 3

Heparin Sodium

Answer 3

Class: Anticoagulant.
Action: Prevents conversion of fibrogen to fibrin, does not lyse existing clots.
Indications: Acute myocardial infarction, thromboembolic disorders.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, active bleeding, recent intracranial/intraspinal/eye surgery, HTN, thrombocytopenia.
Side Effects: Pain, anaphylaxis, shock, hematuria, GI bleeding, hemorrhage, bruising.
Dose: 60U/kg adults only.

Question 4

Keorolac Tromethamine
(Toradol)

Answer 4

Class: NSAID analgesic.
Action: Analgesic that does not possess any sedative or anxiolytic activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.
Indications: Short term management of moderate to severe pain.
Contraindications: Allergy to salicylates or other NSAIDS; hx of asthma, bleeding disorders, renal failure.
Side Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, sedation, bronchospasm, edema, vasodilation, hypo/hypertension, GI bleeding.
Dose: 30-60mg.

Question 5

Labetalol

Normodyne, Trandate

Answer 5

Class: Selective alpha and nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker, anti hypertensive.
Action: BP reduction w/o reflex tachycardia; peripheral resistance reduced w/o significant change in CO.
Indications: HTN.
Contraindications: Asthma, CHF, cardiogenic shock, 2nd/3rd degree AV block, bradycardia.
Side Effects: Fatigue, weakness, depression, headache, bronchospasm, wheezing, dyspnea, bradycardia, CHF, ortho hypotension, pulmonary edema, ventricular dysrhythmias.
Dose: 10mg adults only.