Drug Cards Flashcards
ACETAMINOPHEN
Name: ACETAMINOPHEN (Tylenol, Anacin-3)
Mechanism: Analgesic, antipyretic
Indications: Relief of mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity
Side Effects: Allergic reaction
Dosing: Adult: 500 - 1000 mg PO every 4 hours
Pediatrics: 10 mg/kg PO
ACTIVATED CHARCOAL
Name: ACTIVATED CHARCOAL (Actidose)
Mechanism: Adsorbent (binding agent)
Indications: Most oral poisonings; overdose
Contraindications: Decreased level of consciouness; overdose of corrosives, caustics, or petroleum substances.
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, black stools.
Dosing: Adult: 1 - 2 g/kg PO
Pediatrics: 1g/kg PO, max 25 gms
ALBUTEROL
Name: ALBUTEROL (Proventil, Ventolin)
Mechanism: Sympathomimetic bronchodilator
Indications: Bronchospasm and asthma in COPD.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, history of MI.
Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlesness.
Dosing: Adult: 1 - 2 inhalations; wait 5 minutes before repeating.
- 5 -5 mg/3cc x 3 @ 10-15 min interval
- 25 - 2.5 mg/3 cc x 3 @ 10-15 min intervals
Note: EMT-Basic administration of albuterol is restricted to patients who are under doctor’s orders with a prescription for the drug.
ASPIRIN
Name: ASPIRIN (Acetylsalicylic Acid)
(Alka-Seltzer, Bayer, Empirin, St Joseph Children’s)
Mechanism: Analgesic, antipyretic, platelet inhibitor, anti-inflammatory
Indications: Relief of mild pain, headache, muscle aches; chest pain when considering acute MI.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to salicylates, rectal bleeding.
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, bronchospasm and wheezing if patient is allergic.
Dosing: Adult: 160 - 325 mg chewable baby aspirin (81mg each) PO
Pediatrics: Not indicated
EPINEPHRINE 1:1000
Name: EPINEPHRINE (Adrenalin, )
Mechansim: Sympathomimetic, bronchodilation
Indicaitons: Severe allergic reaction
Contraindications: Myocardial infarction, hypothermia, hypertension.
Side Effects: Hypertension, tachycardia, anxiety, restlessness
Dosing:
Adults: 0.3 mg of 1 : 1,000 IM if age < 50 years
0.15 mg of 1 : 1,000 IM if age > 50 years
Pediatrics: 0.15 mg of 1 : 1,000 IM
OXYGEN
OXYGEN (no trade name)
Mechanism: reverses hypoxia
Indications: Hypoxia (known or suspected)
Contraindications: Do not use near open flames
Side Effects: Rarely, decreased respiratory effort in patients w/ COPD.
Dosing: NRB 10 - 15 L/min Adult or Pediatric
NC 3-6 L/min Adult or Pediatric
Blowby 10 + L/min Pediatric or Combative
Bag Valve Mask 15 - 25 L/min Adult or Pediatric
GLUCOSE
GLUCOSE (Glutose)
Mechanism: Cellular metabolism
Indicaiton: Hypoglycemia
Contraindications: Decreased level of consciousness, nausea, vomiting
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting
Dosing: 15 - 25 mg
NALOXONE
Name: NALOXONE (Narcan)
Mechanism of Action: Opioid antagonist
Indications: Suspected opiate overdose with decreased respiratory drive and hypoxia.
Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity, normoxia and respiratory drive.
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, tachycardia, anxiousness, seizures, pulmonary edema, hypotension, bronchoconstriction, opioid withdrawal.
Adult Dosing: 1-2 mg intranasal; titrated to adequate ventilation and oxygenation (q 3 - 5 min).
Pediatric Dosing: 05. - 1 mg intranasal; titrated to adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
DIPHENHYDRAMINE
DIPHENHYDRAMINE (Benadryl)
Mechanism: Antihistamine
Indications: Mild allergic reactions
Contraindications: Asthma, glaucoma, pregnancy, hypertension, infants
Side Effects: Sleepiness, dry mouth and throat (may stimulate children)
Dosing: 25 - 50 mg
NEED Ped Dose
NITROGLYCERINE
NITROGLYCERINE (Nitrostat)
Mechanism: Vasodilator
Indicaitons: Chest pain due to MI or angina
Contraindications: Hypotension, use of sildenafil within past 24 hrs; head injury
Side Effects: Headache, burning under tongue, hypotension, nausea
Dosing: 0.3 - 0.4 mg SL; 0.4 mg spray
IBUPROFEN
IBUPROFEN (Advil, Motrin, Nuprin)
Mechanism: NSAID reduces inflamation and fever, analgesic
Indications: Mild pain or fever, headache, muscle aches
Contraindications: Hypersensivity
Side Effects: Nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, bleeding, allergic reactions
Dosing: Adult 200 - 400 mg q4h
Pediatric 5 - 10 mg/kg
OXYMETAZOLINE
Name: OXYMETAZOLINE (Afrin)
Mechanism: selective alpha-1 agonist and partial alpha-2 agonist, topical decongestant
Indications: temporary relief of nasal congestion (stuffy nose) caused by allergies or the common cold.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, narrow angle glaucoma
Side Effects: headache, insomnia, nervousness, dry nasal mucosa, nasal stinging/burning, sneezing
Dosing: Adults: 2-3 sprays of 0.05% nasal solution twice daily
