Drug Abuse and action Flashcards
The intake of chemical substances that are not used legally or as prescribed by the physician
Chronic use of any chemical substance to alter states of body or mind for other than medically warranted purposes
Drug abuse
Compulsive nature of the drug use despite physical or psychological harm to the user and society and includes both illicit and licit drugs
Drug addiction
Characterized by tolerance and withdrawal symptoms when user is abstinent
Drug dependence
Lead to severe dependence or addiction ; more dangerous with higher risk of dependence
Hard drugs
Doesn’t cause dependence but still can lead to addiction
Soft drugs
illegal drugs, cannot be prescribed
illicit drugs
Synthetic drug that is very similar in chemical makeup to an existing drug exerts similar effect
Designer drug
drugs used for non-medical purposes
Recreational drug
Drugs that have numbing/ paralysing properties
Narcotics
Drugs that speed up mental and physical processes, increase level of dopamine in brain
stimulants
Reduce arousal and stimulation
Depressants
Diverse group of drugs that alter perceotion, thoughts and feelings
Hallucinogens
Pleasureable activity
release of dopamine
Dopamine is released into a cluster of nerve cells in _____
nucleus accumbens
Drug abuse on reward system
massive release of dopamine
Speed, intensity and reliability of dopamine release
Natural alkaloid extracted from the leaves of Erythroxylon coca and processed into paste or powder form
Cocaine (benzoylmethylecgonine)
Mechanisms of cocaine
Interferes with reuptake of monoamines, particularly dopamine (but also NA and 5HT)
stimulate dopamine secretion in dopaminergic pathways in the brain; this will cause a chronic stimulation of receptors
Management of cocaine overdose
Benzodiapines
Phenobartal
Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockers
Mechanisms of Amphetamine and Amphetamine-like drugs
Increase the release of norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin
Inhibition of reuptake
Source of Opiates and Opioids
Opium poppy
Mechanisms of Opiates and Opioids
Binds to specific opioid receptorss
Activating the u-opioid and k- receptors in the CNS
Building up dopamine
Leaves contain alkaloid mitragynin which interacts with opioid receptors
Kratom (Mitragyna Species)
