DRR FIRE HAZARD Flashcards
Happened in Quezon City, Philippines on March 18, 1996
THE OZONE DISCO FIRE
Leaving at least 162 people dead
THE OZONE DISCO FIRE
Considered as the worst fire in the Philippine History and among the 10 worst nightclub fires in the world.
THE OZONE DISCO FIRE
_ is not a single object but it’s actually made up of three components that make up the _
FIRE
FIRE TRIANGLE
In order to produce fire, there must be three things present.
FUEL TO BE BURN;
OXYGEN TO ADD IN COMBUSTION AND;
HEAT TO RAISE THE FUEL TO ITS IGNITION POINT.
Taking out of any three components would mean that no fire will be produced.
FUEL TO BE BURN;
OXYGEN TO ADD IN COMBUSTION AND; HEAT TO RAISE THE FUEL TO ITS IGNITION POINT.
The fourth component is the _ necessary to create fire.
CHAIN OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS
This 4th component paved the way for the concept of the _
FIRE TETRAHEDRON.
a process that involves the rapid oxidation of objects at elevated temperature which produces smoke, heat, and light.
FIRE
A process involving rapid oxidation at elevated temperatures accompanied by the evolution of heated gaseous products of combustion, and the emission of visible and invisible radiation
FIRE
Despite government efforts to inform public regarding fire safety, especially during the month of _ or the _ more or more destructive fires are documented each year.
MARCH
FIRE PREVENTION MONTH
The common cause of fire can be classified into three main categories:
1.
2.
3.
CARELESSNESS AND ACCIDENTS
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
SMOKING OR LIGHTNING OF FIRE MATERIAL
CARELESSNESS AND ACCIDENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
FRYING PAN LEFT UNATTENDED
ENGINE IGNITION DUE TO PROLONGED EXPOSURE TO HEAT
CANDLES LEFT UNATTENDED (OIL LAMP)
IMPROPER USE OF PROPANE OR LPG POWERED STOVES
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
1.
2.
FAULTY ELECTRICAL WIRING SUCH AS EXTENSIVE USE OF EXTENSION CHORDS (OCTOPUS CONNECTION)
CONCEALED WIRINGS MAKING DETECTION DIFFICULT TO OBSERVE.
SMOKING OR LIGHTNING OF FIRE MATERIAL
1.
2.
CHILDREN PLAYING OR USING CANDLE
FIREWORKS. FIRECRACKERS
STAGES OF FIRE
- IGNITION PHASE
- Growth Phase Or Incipient Face
- FULLY-DEVELOPED PHASE OR FREE - BURNING PHASE
- DECAY PHASE OR BURNOUT PHASE
The three components of the fire triangle-oxygen, heat and fuel- join together in a sustained chemical reaction.
IGNITION PHASE
Fire at this stage can be put out by a fire extinguisher.
IGNITION PHASE
This phase is usually the first minute of fire.
IGNITION PHASE
Heat transfer via CONVECTION (source of heat transfers to gas or liquid.) (Room can be much warmer or heater and the plumes may reach the ceiling)
GROWTH PHASE OR INCIPIENT PHASE
Need to call for help (Emergency Personnel or Fire Officer (Fire man, and call 991)
GROWTH PHASE OR INCIPIENT PHASE
Most dangerous way in which fire can spread through a property and heat generated by a fire natural rises.
CONVECTION
CONVECTION are totally high
FULLY-DEVELOPED PHASE OR FREE- BURNING PHASE
This is probably uncontrollable
FULLY-DEVELOPED PHASE OR FREE- BURNING PHASE
Less likely to survive in this phase if you are still inside. Need to escape as soon as possible
FULLY-DEVELOPED PHASE OR FREE- BURNING PHASE
Less than intense compared to the fully-developed phase
DECAY PHASE OR BURNOUT PHASE
It is where fire reactivates. And it is EXPLOSIVE
DECAY PHASE OR BURNOUT PHASE
“BAGA” when there is oxygen a possible fire may occurred.
EMBERS
Fresh oxygen is supplied to the confined space where combustion may occur again at high speeds and combustion/fire may occur again.
BACKDRAFT
If fire is still small or in its ignition phase, using a _ will easily put out the fire and keep it from spreading.
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
_ contain foam or dry powder with compressed nitrogen as propellant. They work by smothering the fire: when you put a layer of power or foam on to a fire. you cut the fuel off from the oxygen around it.
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
_ can fight Class A. B, or C
FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
A
ORDINARY COMBUSTIBLES
WOOD, PAPER, CLOTH, ETC
B
FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
GREASE, OIL, PAINT, SOLVENTS
C
LIVE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
ELECTRICAL PANEL, MOTOR, WIRING, ETC
D
COMBUSTIBLE METAL
MAGNESIUM ALUMINUM, ETC.
K
COMMERCIAL COOKING EQUIPMENT
COOKING OILS, ANIMAL FATS, VEGETABLE OILS
P.A.S.S. METHOD
PULL THE PIN
AIM LOW
SQUEEZE THE HANDLE
SWEEP SIDE TO SIDE
Remove the safety pin at the top of the extinguisher. This allows you to use the extinguisher.
PULL THE PIN
Point the nozzle at the base of the fire. Targeting the flames will not be effective; the base is where the fuel is
AIM LOW
Firmly squeeze the handle to release the extinguishing agent. Do this slowly and steadily.
Squeeze the Handle
Move the nozzle from side to side while aiming at the base of the fire until it appears to be out.
SWEEP SIDE TO SIDE
4 PHASES OF EMERGENCY MANAGEMENT
MITIGATION
PREPAREDNESS
RESPONSE
RECOVERY
Refers to measures that reduce the chance of an emergency happening, or reduce the damaging effects of unavoidable emergencies.
MITIGATION
This is achieved through risk analysis, which results in information that provides a foundation for typical mitigation.
MITIGATION
Include establishing building codes, zoning requirements, and constructing barriers such as levees.
MITIGATION
The ability of the community to respond when a disaster occurs.
PREPAREDNESS
Include developing mutual aid agreements and memorandums of understanding, training for both response personnel and concerned citizens, conducting disaster exercise to reinforce training and test capabilities, and presenting all-hazards education campaigns
PREPAREDNESS
begins when an emergency event is imminent or immediately after an event occurs. _ encompasses the activities that address the short- term, direct effects of an incident.
RESPONSE
Applying intelligence and be informed. Increasing security operations. Continuing investigations into the nature and source of the threat.
RESPONSE
“_ involves putting preparedness plans into action”
RESPONSE
Actions taken to return a community to normal or near-normal conditions, including the restoration of basic services and the repair of physical, social, and economic damages.
RECOVERY
The goal of _ is to return the community’s systems and activities to normal.
RECOVERY
