Drive - energy storage, vitamins and minerals

Question 1

Where are fats stored?

Answer 1

Adipose tissue

Question 2

In what form is glucose stored?

Answer 2

Glycogen

Question 3

How is BMI measured?

Answer 3

Weight (Kg) / Height^2 (m)

Question 4

What does BMI stand for?

Answer 4

Body mass index

Question 5

What does a BMI>30 mean?

Answer 5

Obese

Question 6

What does a BMI<18.5 mean?

Answer 6

Underweight

Question 7

What does a BMI>25 mean?

Answer 7

Overweight

Question 8

What does a 18.5

Answer 8

Normal weight

Question 9

How long are glycogen stores (in an adult male) roughly sufficient to last for?

Answer 9

12 hours

Question 10

How long are lipid store (in an adult male) roughly sufficient to last for?

Answer 10

3 months

Question 11

When is tissue protein used as an energy source?

Answer 11

During periods of prolonged starvation

Question 12

Combined what % of the energy requirement at rest do the liver and brain take up?

Answer 12

40%

Question 13

What type of fuel can be utilised by the kidneys?

Answer 13

Glucose, ketone bodies

Question 14

What type of fuel can be utilised by the muscle?

Answer 14

Glucose, fatty acids, glucose and alcohol.

CANNOT use ketone bodies

Question 15

Where are ketone bodies produced?

Answer 15

Liver

Question 16

What type of fuel can be utilised by the cortex?

Answer 16

Glucose and ketone bodies

Question 17

What type of fuel can be utilised by the medulla?

Answer 17

ONLY glucose

Question 18

What type of fuel can be utilised by the small intestine?

Answer 18

Glutamine and ketone bodies (mainly in starvation)

Question 19

What type of fuel can be utilised by the large intestine?

Answer 19

Glutamine and short-chain fatty acids

Question 20

What does BMR stand for?

Answer 20

Basal Metabolic Rate

Question 21

Define Basal Metabolic Rate:

Answer 21

The minimum amount of energy required to keep the body alive.

Question 22

How do you calculate/measure BMR?

Answer 22

kcal expended / Hour / m^2

Question 23

Is vitamin A water or fat soluble?

Answer 23

Fat

Question 24

Is vitamin B water or fat soluble?

Answer 24

Water

Question 25

Is vitamin C water or fat soluble?

Answer 25

Water

Question 26

Is vitamin D water or fat soluble?

Answer 26

Fat

Question 27

Is vitamin E water or fat soluble?

Answer 27

Fat

Question 28

Is vitamin K water or fat soluble?

Answer 28

Fat

Question 29

What are the main functions of vitamin A? (4)

Answer 29

Cellular growth and differentiation Vision Lymphocyte production Skin and mucous membrane maintenance

Question 30

What are the main functions of vitamin C? (3)

Answer 30

Collagen synthesis Antioxidant Absorption of non-haem-iron

Question 31

What are the main functions of vitamin B12? (2)

Answer 31

DNA Synthesis | Brain development

Question 32

What are the main functions of vitamin D? (2)

Answer 32

Calcium absorption in the gut Reabsorption in the kidneys

Question 33

What are the main functions of vitamin E? (2)

Answer 33

Antioxidant Protects cell walls

Question 34

What is the main function of vitamin K?

Answer 34

Blood clotting

Question 35

Name 4 common sources of vitamin A?

Answer 35

Liver Dairy Fruit and veg Oily fish

Question 36

Name 2 common sources of vitamin C?

Answer 36

Citrus fruit | Green veg

Question 37

What is the most common source of vitamin B12?

Answer 37

Meat

Question 38

What are the 2 most common sources of vitamin D

Answer 38

Liver | Fish

Question 39

What is iron essential for?

Answer 39

Use in haemoglobin, myoglobin and bone marrow.

Question 40

What are 6 common sources of iron?

Answer 40

``` Meat Shell fish Egg yolks Beans Nuts Cereals ```

Question 41

What % of ingested iron is absorbed into the blood each day

Answer 41

10%

Question 42

What acts as an intracellular store for iron?

Answer 42

Ferritin

Question 43

What plasma protein does iron bind to in order to be circulated around the body?

Answer 43

Transferrin

Question 44

Where does transferrin transport iron to?

Answer 44

The bone marrow (so can be incorporated into new erythrocyte's)

Question 45

What cells in the liver store iron?

Answer 45

Kupffer cells