Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Design > Drawing / Painting > Flashcards

Drawing / Painting Flashcards

1
Q

the characteristic elements of a drawing

A

the point, the line and the surface, and light-and-dark contrasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

painting (general)

A

the pictorial, artistic representation of an observed or mentally conceived motif on a surface through the use (in most cases) of wet pigment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

fresco painting

A

the application of pigments ground into water, or into water plus an adhesive agent, as with distemper paints to a freshly plastered wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

watercolor painting

A

painting with water-soluble pigments that do not have an opaque white as a component

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

wet-on-wet technique

A

the basic method employed in watercolor painting. involves applying wet paint on top of wet paint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

washing (scumbling)

A

the application of thin washes of color, which may be applied in a number of different ways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

oil painting

A

an alternative to tempera painting. requires mastery of painting technique to prevent the applied paint from cracking.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

encaustic painting (wax painting)

A

the pigments are mixed with hot wax (usually beeswax) and applied while still hot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

mezzotint (“black” artwork)

A

the whole picture’s surface is covered with a light coloring, then overlaid with a dark color tone (usually black) which is scratched using a scraper or burnishing tool in order to create the desired contrasting light-and-shade effect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

impasto painting

A

applying paint to a surface very thickly, usually with a palette knife or coarse-bristled brush. creates a plastic effect to lend a force and a dynamic to the artwork.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

pastel painting

A

the surface is more sensitive than that of any other form of graphical artwork. light, “dusty appearance.” the surface (adherence of the pigments to the background) must be protected by means of a fixative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

flicking (painting)

A

painting technique in which the bristles of a coarse bristle brush or a paint brish are used to “spray” paint onto the background or support surface. image formed by large number of tiny dots of paint.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dot technique (painting)

A

small dots of color are applied to the ground using an actual painting technique, easier to control than flicking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

painting’s ground

A

the support material to which the primer and paint adhere. may be paper, canvas, wood, cardboard, glass, or aluminum.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

primer

A

the preparatory coating that is applied to the ground before the application of the paint. isolates the ground from the paints and ensures that the surface takes the paint well and that the paint adheres evenly.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

paint film

A

the layer of paint that is applied to the ground

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

cracking (painting)

A

may form on surface of a picture: incorrectly applied primer, extreme temperature, failure to employ the “fat over lean” technique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

canvas

A

any fabric used in a painting context, even when it does not contain linen or hemp from which it is traditionally made (cotton cloth, jute, synthetic fabrics (nylon/polyester) can be used)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

linen

A

manufactured from flax fibers (an annually blooming plant with a blue or white flower whose stems are rich in bast fibers, which also produces oil-rich seeds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

textile flax

A

has a longer and less branching stem than linseed oil-producing flax

21
Q

stretcher frame

A

the frame the canvas is stretched across and tacked to. usually wood. the warp and weft threads (the weave) should be parallel to the slats of the frame.

22
Q

maulstick

A

a bamboo or aluminum staff of about 1.25 meters used to support the artist’s hand

23
Q

graphite (natural)

A

a naturally occurring form of carbon. by inducing recrystallization, pressure and heat cause the amorphous carbon to form the characteristic scale-shaped crystals that constitute the material. the crystals are loosely bound, making it a very soft mineral. most common naturally occurring is amorphous graphite, which has no ordered atomic structure (it is crystalline but crumbles easily, making it an unsuitable drawing material)

24
Q

Nicolas-Jacques Conté

A

a frenchman who in 1795 developed a process for mixing amorphous graphite with clay and for firing it at high temps in order to create a more solid form of graphite. process still used today.

25
Q

pencil grades

A

the lead has a thickness between 0.3 and 12 millimeters. 20 grades of hardness for pencil graphite exist, ranging from 10H (hardest) to 8B (softest). B=soft, HB=medium, H=hard.

26
Q

drawing charcoal

A

drawing material created through the carbonization of willow or grapevine twigs

27
Q

conté crayons

A

made of graphite, clay, water, and paste: manufactured in the form of small rectangular rods, in a range of different degrees of hardness. colors restricted to earth colors: bistre, sepia, and red (raddle), black and white and various shades of grey. create high-contrast drawings with lines that can easily be wiped away with a finger

28
Q

all-purpose wax crayon

A

contains a high proportion of wax plus lower amounts of bulking agents and pigments. the wax ensures a soft, almost sticky adherence to the ground, and can be used in drawing to create soft or deep velvety nuances.

29
Q

colored pencils

A

consist of a color pigment, a bulking agent (chalk, talc, or kaolin), and a binder agent (usually a cellulose gum). unlike graphite pencils, the lead is not fired in an oven, as this would destroy the coloring agent

30
Q

pastels

A

a dry drawing stick made from pulverized pigments, weakly bound by a solution of tragacanth gum or methyl cellulose. graded according to hardness and come in a variety of forms.

31
Q

oil pastels

A

contain color pigment plus wax and animal fats. extremely solid and pastose (applied thickly). soluble in turpentine oil, allowing them to be thinned easily.

32
Q

categories of painting brushes

A

soft animal hair brushes (made from sable hair or cow hair, as well as synthetic) and coarse bristle brushes (made from pig bristles or synthetic)

33
Q

ferrule

A

metal part of the brush that secures the hairs of the brush to the handle

34
Q

colorants (coloring agents)

A

paints (artistic and non-artistic) and their components

35
Q

pigments

A

colored substances in the form of small, loose particles

36
Q

grinding (paint)

A

mixing a pigment powder with water or with another binder agent

37
Q

thickening agent

A

increases the viscosity (determines the flow behavior of the paint or painting medium)

38
Q

adhesive strength

A

the intensity with which paints adhere to the ground (ex. acrylic paints adhere extremely well to a non-greasy, roughened ground)

39
Q

watercolors

A

created by dissolving a very finely ground color pigment in a water-soluble binder agent, usually gum arabic

40
Q

gouache paints (opaque paints)

A

manufactured similarly to watercolors. mixing color pigments with white substance (barium, sulfate, zinc white, chalk (cheap)).

41
Q

tempera painting

A

a natural emulsion such as egg yolk (or artificial emulsion such as gum arabic or paste emulsion) is used as medium for pigment. best known water-soluble painting medium is egg tempera (creates a natural emulsion; mixed with pigments and distilled water, it becomes quick-drying color medium that produces pronounced colors)

42
Q

oil paints

A

manufactured through the mixing and subsequent grinding of a pigment powder with a drying or semi-drying oil. the use of oil as binder agent gives the characteristic appearance.

43
Q

fat on lean technique

A

fundamental rule of oil painting: where multiple layers are applied, each additional layer must contain slightly more oil in its painting medium. ensures adhesion and prevents cracking. “fat”=high binder agent, “lean”=low binder agent.

44
Q

acrylic paints

A

very flexible in uses. applied in thin glaze or impasto fashion. acrylic emulsions not subject to certain chemical changes that affect other types of paint (oil: yellowing/hardening)

45
Q

binder agent

A

a substance that holds the particles of pigment together, maintaining the color mix and causing pigment to adhere to painting’s ground (linseed oil, egg white, and acrylic resin emulsion)

46
Q

varnish

A

a protective coating that may additionally give a picture a lustrous or matte finish (resin varnish can be dissolved in turpentine. after application, the solvent evaporates, causing resin varnish to harden)

47
Q

painting media

A

substances used in processing oil and acrylic paints

48
Q

emulsion

A

a stable, fine mixture of two otherwise immiscible liquids

49
Q

casein

A

an adhesive or binder agent derived from the coagulation/curdling of milk

Design (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions