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Pharmacology > DOTD pt5 > Flashcards

DOTD pt5 Flashcards

1
Q

Drug Class: Ondansetron

A

Antiemetic

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2
Q

Drug Class: Apixaban

A

DOAC
Direct oral anticoagulant

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3
Q

Drug Class: Dalteparin

A

Low molecular weight heparin

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4
Q

Drug Class: Warfarin

A

Vitamin K antagonist

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5
Q

Indications: Ondansetron

A

post-op (anaesthetic waring off?) or post chemo nausea and vomitting

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6
Q

Indications: Apixaban

A

VTE, AF

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7
Q

Indications: Dalteparin

A

Thromboprophylaxis, VTE, acute coronary syndrome

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8
Q

Indications: Warfarin

A

VTE, AF (if not suitable for DOAC), heart valve replacement

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9
Q

Mechanism of action: Ondansetron

A

Serotonin antagonist, primarily centrally (inhibit CTZ), also in the gut where it reduces recretions and motility

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10
Q

Mechanism of action: Apixaban

A

Inhibit both free Xa and that bound with antithrombin III

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11
Q

Mechanism of action: Dalteparin

A

Enhance antithrombin III activity, inhibiting factor Xa

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12
Q

Mechanism of action: Warfarin

A

Inhibits activation of vitK dependent clotting factors

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13
Q

Adverse drug reactions: Ondansetron

A

Headache, GI upset, elevated liver enzymes, long QT syndrome

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14
Q

Adverse drug reactions: Apixaban

A

Bleeding, skin reactions

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15
Q

Adverse drug reactions: Dalteparin

A

Bruising, bleeding, heparin induced thrombocytopenia, hyperkalaemia (inhibits aldosterone release)

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16
Q

Adverse drug reactions: Warfarin

A

Bleeding

17
Q

Contraindications, Warnings, DDIs: Ondansetron

A

Other drugs with risk of long QT
Amiodarone,
Antipsychotics (Chlorpromazine, Haloperidol, Quetiapine, Amisulpride, Thioridazine),
Antidep (Cetalopram, Fluoxatine, Sertraline, Amitriptyline)
ABx (Moxifloxacin, Clarithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin, Trimethoprim-Sulfa, Azithromycin, Erythromycin)
Anti-cancer (Tamoxifen, Arsenic trioxide, Sunitinib)

18
Q

Contraindications, Warnings, DDIs: Apixaban

A

Macrolides increase [plasma]

Phenytoin and carbamazepine reduce [plasma]

19
Q

Contraindications, Warnings, DDIs: Dalteparin

A

Other antithrombotic agents, ACE inhibitors/ARBs, K sparing diuretics

20
Q

Contraindications, Warnings, DDIs: Warfarin

A

Loads:
- CYP2C9 inhibitors: amiodarone, clopidogrel, alcohol
- Reduces vit K: cephlosporin (kill gut bacteria that produce vit K)
- Displace warfarin from albumin: NSAIDs
- Accelerate warfarin metabolism: phenytoin, st johns wort
- Dietary vit K: avoid green leafy veg e.g. spinach, broccoli

Pharmacology (15 decks)

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