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OB/GYN > Doppler Applications in OBGYN > Flashcards

Doppler Applications in OBGYN Flashcards

1
Q

Which vessels supply blood to the pelvic organs?*

A

internal iliac arteries/hypogastric arteries

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2
Q

The doppler of which arteries help predict IUGR?*

A

Umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, uterine artery

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3
Q

The diastolic notch is best described as?*

A

Early diastolic flow reduction

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4
Q

Diastolic notch is a prognostic value only after?

A

24 wks GA

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5
Q

What is the Doppler criterion that provides the best indicator of diastolic runoff into distal vascular bed?*

A

Pulsatility index

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6
Q

During menses, what happens to the spiral arteries and endo?

A

constrict; sheds

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7
Q

Impedence and resistance ______ during the periovulatory and luteal phase

A

decrease

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8
Q

Doppler ultrasound is standard in the evaluation of?

A

high-risk pregnancies

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9
Q

What is an example of the audible acoustic Doppler effect?

A

siren of an ambulance as it moves toward and away

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10
Q

Pitch (frequency) is higher ______ the receiver

A

towards

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11
Q

Pitch (frequency) is lower ______
from the receiver

A

away

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12
Q

What happens when high frequency sound interacts with RBCs?

A

Rayleigh scattering

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13
Q

Color Doppler allows you to evaluate?

A

Direction and velocity of blood flow

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14
Q

The Doppler frequency shift is _____ when it is away from the transducer

A

negative

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15
Q

The Doppler frequency shift is _____ when it is toward the transducer

A

positive

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16
Q

What are the variables of the Doppler formula that are under sonographer control?

A

incident frequency (selected Probe) and Doppler angle (Probe position and steering)

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17
Q

What are the variables of the Doppler formula that are not under sonographer control?

A

Speed of sound (medium) and velocity of moving RBCs

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18
Q

How can you correct aliasing?

A

reduce depth (decrease baseline) or increase PRF (transducer frequency)

19
Q

Aliasing occurs when what limit is exceeded?

A

Nyquist limit

20
Q

The Doppler angles should be less than?

A

60 degrees

21
Q

What happens when the Doppler angle is at 0 degrees?

A

reliability of the Doppler signal increases

22
Q

What happens when the Doppler angle is at 90 degrees?

A

reliability of the velocity measurement is unreliable

23
Q

What are the hemodynamic parameters assessed with doppler ultrasound?*

A

presence of flow, pulsatility of flow, direction of flow

24
Q

How does arterial flow appear?

A

pulsatile highs and lows

25
Q

How does venous flow appear?

A

slow and phasic

26
Q

True or False: Doppler can differentiate normal vs abnormal

A

false

27
Q

Ovarian torsion is more common in ovaries with?

A

a mass

28
Q

How does ovarian torsion appear sonographically?*

A

whirlpool sign enlarged, free fluid, absent flow, mass common

29
Q

A ring of fire sign can indicate?

A

ectopic pregnancy or corpus luteum cyst

30
Q

GTD demonstrates what flow?*

A

high amplitude and low resistance

31
Q

RPOC demonstrates what flow?

A

enhanced blood flow

32
Q

Where can the uterine artery be found?*

A

at the level of the cervix

33
Q

Estrogen allows _____ resistance blood flow in the uterus

A

low

34
Q

Progesterone allows ______ resistance blood flow in the uterus

A

high

35
Q

A postmenopausal uterus demonstrates ______ resistance bloow flow

A

high

36
Q

A uterus with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) demonstrates _______ resistance blood flow

A

low

37
Q

A diastolic notch can predict?

A

poor fetal outcome (more resistance, compromised flow)

38
Q

As pregnancy progresses, the umbilical artery resistance should?*

A

decrease

39
Q

The middle cerebral artery is dopplered to assess?

A

IUGR and anemia

40
Q

What is brain sparing? What results from it?

A

blood shunts to brain when there is inadequate flow; small abdomen

41
Q

Fetal anemia can be shown by?

A

high peak systolic velocity

42
Q

What is supine hypotensive syndrome (SHS)?

A

IVC is compressed and mom cannot breathe properly

43
Q

How can you correct SHS?

A

Roll mom onto her left side

44
Q

How do flow patterns change as the uterus cycles towards menstruation?*

A

resistance decreases

OB/GYN (13 decks)

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