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Body Logistics > DONE Skin > Flashcards

DONE Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Skin layers from top to bottom

A

Epidermis
Dermis
Hypodermis

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2
Q

What are the 4 (5 in thick skin) layers of the epidermis?

A
  • stratum corneum (horny cell layer)
  • stratum lucidum (transparent layer)(the 5th)
  • stratum granulosum (granular layer)
  • stratum spinosum (spinous layer)
  • stratum basale (basal cell layer)
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3
Q

Structure + function of hypodermis

A

White adipose tissue, loose ct

Energy store, shock absorber, insulate muscle

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4
Q

Structure + function of dermis (corium)

A

3 layers = papillary (upper), dermal papillae (interdigitating), reticular (lower)
Contains hairs + sweat = thermoregulation, gives skin structure

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5
Q

Structure + function of epidermis

A

4 layers in thin skin (5 in thick), held together by adherens junctions, avascular
Prevent H2O loss, prevent bacteria entry, synthesises keratin

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6
Q

Stratum corneum

A

Outer layer made of squames, thick on palms + soles, continuously shed

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7
Q

Stratum lucidum

A

Only on palms + soles

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8
Q

Stratum granulosum

A

Stratified squamous epithelia, lamellar granules (secrete keratin fibres as tonofibrils)

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9
Q

Stratum spinosum

A

Cuboidal epithelia, produce lamellar bodies, 1st time Golgi appears

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10
Q

Stratum basale

A

Tall columnar epithelia, renew keratinocytes which move up by appositional growth, contain melanocytes

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11
Q

Langerhans cells

A

In epidermis, present antigens to T lymphocytes

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12
Q

Merkel cells

A

In epidermis, mechanoreceptor cells assoc. with sensory nerve endings

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13
Q

Thick skin (non hairy)

A

Stratum lucidum, no hair follicles/sebaceous glands/arrector pili muscles

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14
Q

Thin skin (hairy)

A

No stratum lucidum, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscles, smaller ridges on surface than thick skin, irreg. dermal papillae (unlike thick skin)

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15
Q

3 types of hair (skin appendage)

A

Lanugo (foetus)
Vellus (short, thin, soft)
Terminal (long, dark, coarse = scalp, axillae, external genitalia)

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16
Q

Arrector pili muscle (skin appendage)

A

Involuntary contraction when cold, fight or flight response, induce sebum release

17
Q

Nails (skin appendage)

A

Alpha keratin, enhance fingertip sensitivity, protection from injury

18
Q

Psoriasis

A

Red, flaky skin patches with silvery scales
Skin cells replaced more quickly than usual (3-7 days not 3-4 weeks) as T cells attack dividing cells
Triggers = smoking, stress, skin injury

19
Q

Malignant melanoma

A

Skin cancer

20
Q

Vitiligo

A

Pale white patches develop due to lack of melanin (non-segmental = symmetrical)

21
Q

Alopecia areata

A

Spot baldness, totalis = all hair on scalp, universalis = all body hair
Autoimmune = body attacks anagen hair follicles, suppress hair growth

Body Logistics (14 decks)

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