Domestication Flashcards
domesticated
to adapt to life in intimate association with and to the advantage of humans
An example of a domesticated animal
dog, cat, horse
Feral
ancestors have been domesticated but have now reverted back and live in a wild state
An example of a feral animal
street cats, wild horses
Wild
living in a natural, undomesticated state
An example of a wild animal
eagle, skunk, bear
Tame
an animal relatively tolerant of human presence
An example of a tame animal
Berry deer, zoo animals
Domestication
the process of adapting an animal or plant to life in an intimate situation with or to the advantage of the human
What are the characteristics of domesticated animals?
bred in captivity, control of breeding, control of reproduction, control territory, and control food supply
Commensal pathway
animals moves into the area with humans and develops a partnership with the human
prey pathway
human action from pure hunting to herd control
directed pathway
humans deliberately set out to domesticate
Importance of domestication?
facilitated change from hunter and gatherer and started the Agrarian society
What’s the order animals were domesticated?
Dog, sheep, goat, cow, pig, horse, donkey, cat
How many pairs of chromosomes do dogs have?
38
Uses of dogs?
companionship, food source, hunting, protection, herding
When were dogs domesticated?
15,000 years ago
Stages of dog domestication?
1: self-domestication
2: strict captivity (limit breeding)
3: intentional breeding
4: trait standardization
5: eliminate wild species (genes)
What pathway for dog?
commensal or direct
When were sheep domesticated?
9,000 BC
When were goats domesticated?
8,000 BC
Where do sheep and goats originate?
Eurasia
What do we get from goats and sheep?
meat, fiber, dairy
When were cattle domesticated?
5,800 BC
Where did cattle originate?
Eurasia
What was cattle’s ancestor?
Auroch (giant wild ox)
Impacts of cattle domestication?
milk, meat, leather, social importance, wealth
When were pigs domesticated?
7,000 BC
Where did pigs originate?
Eurasia
Impacts of pig domestication?
meat, lard, leather, pests
When did horses get domesticated?
4,000 BC
When were donkeys domesticated?
3,000 BC
Where did horses and donkeys originate from?
Eurasia
Importance of horses?
meat, milk, leather, warfare, draft, recreation
When were cats domesticated?
12,000 years ago
Where did cats originate from?
Europe and Asia
Impacts of cat domestication?
companionship, pest control, wealth/status
What pathway for cats?
commensal
When was the chicken domesticated?
5,500
When was the camel domesticated?
1,500 BC
When was the llama and alpaca domesticated?
3,000 BC
Where is the Dromedary camel from?
Asia
Where is the Bactrian camel from?
Mongolia
Where is the llama and alpaca from?
South America
