dogs/ cats

Question 1

describe the topography of the oesophagus

Answer 1

cervical part follows trachea, inclines left then regains median position. passes through trachea bifurcation and penetrates the diaphragm.

Question 2

where does the oesophagus join the stomach

Answer 2

11th and 12th vertebrae

Question 3

what is the glandular region

Answer 3

lamina propria

Question 4

what cells lines the oesophagus

Answer 4

stratified squamous

Question 5

describe the histological layers of the oesophagus

Answer 5

strat squam epithelium
lamina propria
lamina muscularis mucosa
tunica submucosa
tunica muscularis externa + interna

Question 6

where does the stomach lie

Answer 6

left

Question 7

what are rugae

Answer 7

longitudinal folds that flatten when the stomach fills

Question 8

what are the cell types in gastric pits

Answer 8

goblet cells
chief cells
parietal cells

Question 9

what do the stomach’s tunica submucosa (connective tissue) contain

Answer 9

meissner’s plexuses

Question 10

where does the greater omentum connect?

Answer 10

greater curvature, left of the colon and left of pancreas

Question 11

where does the lesser omentum attach?

Answer 11

lesser curvature to the portal fissure

Question 12

where does the mesentery attach to the SI

Answer 12

2nd lumbar vertebrae

Question 13

what is the plicae circularis

Answer 13

transverse folds of tunica mucosa and submucosa

Question 14

what are the function of crypts

Answer 14

host defences and signalling and stem cells

Question 15

are there crypts in the cecum

Answer 15

yes
and goblet cells

Question 16

where is the caecum

Answer 16

ventral to right kidney
dorsal to small intestine
2nd 4th lumbar vertebrae

Question 17

where is the stomach

Answer 17

from the 9th to 12th rib

Question 18

what is the function of the colon

Answer 18

absorb minerals, water, electrolytes

Question 19

where does the ascending colon travel

Answer 19

left of the mesentery root

Question 20

where does the duodenum start

Answer 20

at the 12th thoracic vertebrae

Question 21

which arteries supply the stomach?

Answer 21

left gastric
hepatic (right gastric hepatic and right gastrci gastreopiploic)
splenic (left gastropepiploic)
all branch from the celiac artery

Question 22

what vascularises the small intestines?

Answer 22

cranial and caudal mesentric arteries

Question 23

what innervates the GIT

Answer 23

enteric nervous system
(stomach and intestines are also parasympathetic and sympathetic)

Question 24

where is the submucosal plexus

Answer 24

between circular muslce and mucosa

Question 25

where is the myenteric plexus

Answer 25

between circular and longitudinal muscle