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Pharmacology > DOC pharm ninja 2 > Flashcards

DOC pharm ninja 2 Flashcards

1
Q

DOC for invasive asperlligosis
MOA:
AE:

A

Voriconazole
MOA: inhibit 14 alpha-sterol demethylase (CYP)–> blocks conversion of Ianosterol to ergosterol–> disruption of membrane function and increased permeability.
AE: Transient visual distubance

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2
Q

DOC- candida and most coccidoides
MOA:
AE:

A

Fluconazole
MOA: inhibit 14 alpha-sterol demethylase (CYP)–> blocks conversion of Ianosterol to ergosterol–> disruption of membrane function and increased permeability.
AE: Transient visual distubance

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3
Q

DOC for emesis due to motion sickness
MOA:
AE:

A

scopolamine
class: Anti-M
MOA:
AE:

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4
Q

DOC for closure of ductus arteriosusMOA:

AE:

A

Indomethacin

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5
Q

DOC for in OA and pregnancy but is not antiplateletI or anti-inflammatory
MOA:
AE:

A

ACETOMENOPHEN

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6
Q

DOC for gout
MOA:
AE:

A

Indomethacin

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7
Q

DOC first DMARD prescribed for mild moderate and severe RA.
also CI in pregnancy.
MOA:
AE:

A

Methotrexate

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8
Q

DOC for trigeminal neuralgia
MOA:
AE:

A

carbamezapine

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9
Q

Analgesic Adjunctive agent for pain management
- has pure glucocorticoid activity–> less adverse effects.
MOA:
AE:

A

dexamethasone

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10
Q

DOC for surgical prophylaxis against gram +vet infection because it has a long half life. [staph and strep on skin can infect the incision].
MOA:
AE:

A

cephalozolin

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11
Q

DOC for enterobacter infection and extended spectrum B-lactamase producing gram -ve’s.
MOA:
AE:

A

Carbapenems:
Impenem
Meropenem

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12
Q

DOC for:
- gonorhea [assume all gonorrhea is PCN resistant]
- Meningitis [ampicillin resistant H. Influenzae]
- Meningitis prophylaxis
- Lyme disease with CNS and joint infections otherwise use doxycycline
MOA:
AE:

A

Cephalosporin:

Ceftriaxone

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13
Q 
DOC for:
- Chlamydia
- M. pneumoniae
- Lyme disease w/out CNS joint involvement 
- Rickettsia [RMSF]
- cholera
- anthrax prophylaxis 
MOA:
AE:
A

Tetracyclines:

  • Doxycycline
  • Minocycline
  • Tetracycline
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14
Q

DOC for empiric tx of infective endocarditis
MOA:
AE:

A 
GENTAMICIN for empiric Tx of infective endocarditis w/ vancomycin or PCN
Aminoglycosides: GNATS
- GENTAMICIN 
- Neomycin
- Amikacin
- Tobramycin
- Streptomycin
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15
Q

DOC for plague
MOA:
AE:

A

Aminoglycoside: streptomycin
MOA: Irreversible binding to 30S ribosome
AE: - Serious toxicity –> S shorten regimen [5d]
- Nephrotoxic [ATN] Ototoxic
- Neuromuscular blockade [contraindicated in Myasthenia Gravis]
- Pregnancy –> Cat D
- Teratogen

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16
Q

DOC for pertussis
MOA:
AE:

A 
Macrolide: Erythromycin
MOA: reversible binding to 50S ribosome
AE: QT prolongation
- Inhibits CYP450 [except azithromycin]
- GI effects [motilin]
- cholestatic hepatitis
17
Q

DOC for C.difficile

A

Metronidazole
MOA: - forms cytotoxic products under anaerobic conditions.
- Interferrs w/ nucleic acid synthesis [reductive bioactivation of its nitro group by ferredoxin]
AE: - Dark urine
- Disulfiram-like reaction [avoid alcohol]
- Avoid in 1st trimester–>unknown safety

18
Q

C. diff Colitis
Common cause?
treatment?

A

Most common cause:
Clindamycin
Ampicillin, Amoxicillin Cephalosporins Fluoroquinolones

Treatment: Oral Metronidazole = DOC
Oral Vancomycin
Fidaxomicin [↓recurrence]

19
Q

Surgical prophylaxis [SP]
in PCN allergic patients?
DOC’s
Car

A

Vancomycin or clindamycin are usually the DOC’s Cardiothoracic → Vancomycin plus aztreonam
Colorectal → ciprofloxacin + metronidazole or clindamycin

20
Q

Syphilis and UTI’s in pregnancy
What do you do in a allergic pregnancy?
What side effect may develop and what do you do?

A

DOC for syphilis not matter what the stage is PCN G and is the only drug with documented efficacy during pregnancy If a pregnant patient is allergic to PCN G, she should undergo desensitization rather than use any other drug.

May develop a JarischWHerxheimer reaction → fever, chills, myalgia, tachycardia… It is not an allergic reaction and the drug should be continued [Pretreatment with prednisolone may help] UTI Tx [E. coli] → Cotrimoxazole, Cipro, Nitrofurantoin, or Amoxicillin+clavulanic acid Pregnant and have UTI → PCN or cephalosporins [however, ceftriaxone can cause kernicterus] or nitrofurantoin

21
Q

1st Line DOC in HIV pt’s due to Mycobacterium TB

A

Rifabutin → DOC in HIV pt’s due to less CYP450 effects

22
Q

ACYCLOVIR

A

DOC for HSV encephalitis Can be used for prophylaxis in the immunocompromised

23
Q

GANCYCLOVIR

A

DOC for CMV retinitis and prophylaxis

24
Q

TRIFLURIDINE

A

DOC: HSV keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis

25
Q

Treatment of Pneumocystis PNA

A

Cotrimoxazole [TMP-SMX]

26
Q

Flucanazole

A

DOC → candida & most coccidioides

- Maintenance therapy or prophylaxis for cryptococcal meningitis [after initial Tx with amphotericin B]

27
Q

Voriconazole

A

DOC for invasive aspergillosis Similar spectrum to itraconazole

28
Q

METRONIDAZOLE

A

DOC for invasive amebiasis in combination with a luminal agent [alternative treatment includes tetracycline] G. Lamblia, T. vaginalis, H. pylori, C. diff Anaerobic cocci & gram –ve bacilli

29
Q

Diloxanide Furoate

A

DOC for asymptomatic amebiasis or in combination with metronidazole for moderate to severe infections

30
Q

Ivermectin

A

DOC for: Onchocerca volvulus [river blindness] CLM Strongyloides

31
Q

Diethylcarbamazine

A

DOC for lymphatic filariasis, loiasis and tropical eosinophilia

32
Q

Praziquantel

whats the DOC for cysticercosis?

A

DOC for Schistosomiasis Trematode: C. sinensis, P. westermani Cestode: D. latum, T. solium & saginata [albendazole is the DOC for cysticercosis → T. solium larva]

33
Q

Bithionol

A

DOC for sheep liver fluke [fasciola hepatica] Alternative treatment for pulmonary paragonimiasis

34
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole [TMP-SMX] (CTRAMEXAZOLE)

A

DOC: P. JIROVEJI

TOXOPLASMA

35
Q

CHLOROQUINE

A

DOC for treatment and prophylaxis of vivax and ovale [non]falciparum, or uncomplicated falciparum] Highly effective against blood schizonts but not against liver parasites

36
Q

Quinidine and Quinine

A

DOC for severe falciparum disease May need to combine with doxycycline Highly effective against blood schizonts but not against liver parasites.

37
Q

Primaquine

A

DOC for eradication of dormant liver form of vivax and ovale Chemoprophylaxis for all strains

Pharmacology (27 decks)

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