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Drug Cards > Dobutamine > Flashcards

Dobutamine Flashcards

Please note that the drug card information is for Educational Use ONLY, and the source is from Carrie Bowman's glossary of drug cards permitted by use of Georgetown NAP students. No permission is given to use these cards for anything other than as a study resource for our program.

1
Q

What is the trade name of Dobutamine Hydrochloride?

A

Dobutrex

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2
Q

What are the Broad Category and Sub-category drug classifications and the reason for classification for Dobutamine?

A

Broad Category= Sympathomimetic Drug
-derived from beta-phenylethylamine; its a synthetic analog of isoproterenol, which is made from dopamine

Sub-Category= Synthetic Catecholamine
-Dobutamine is a catecholamine because it has hydroxyl groups on the 3 and 4 carbon posns of the benzene ring of beta-phenylethylamine

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3
Q

What is Dobutamine a synthetic analog of?

A

Isoproterenol

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4
Q

What are the Clinical uses for Dobutamine?

A
  • Increases CO (inotropic effect)
  • Reduction in Atrial filling pressures
  • Moderate increase in RBF due to increases in CO and Vasodilation
  • Coronary artery vasodilation
  • Decreases pulmonary artery pressures
  • Increases LV stroke work index
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5
Q

What receptors does Dobutamine work on/ what is Dobutamine??

A

direct acting selective B1 adrenergic receptor agonist (but at clinical doses some Beta 2 and alpha 1 stimulation may occur)

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6
Q

What are the MINIMAL changes produced by Dobutamine?

A
  • minimal effects on Systemic BP
  • minimal increases in myocardial oxygen requirements
  • minimal increases in HR
  • minimal increases in MAP
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7
Q

Dobutamine produces NO change in…?

A

Airway resistance

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8
Q

Dobutamine produces no change to minimal change in….?

A

peripheral vascular resistance (vasodilation)

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9
Q

Why is Dobutamine used for patients with organic heart disease? Patients recovering from cardiac surgery? Patients recovering from MI?

A

it can increase exercise tolerance and improve cardiac output in patients with CHF that present with increased HR and SVR

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10
Q

Why is Dobutamine used for patients with RV failure/ cor pulmonale?

A

Dobutamine causes Pulmonary vasodilation

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11
Q

What is Dobutamine used for patients with mitral valve replacement?

A

These patients have increased pulmonary artery pressures and Dobutamine increases CO and decreases systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance

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12
Q

Why is Dobutamine used in Septic Shock?

A

Does NOT reverse hypotension therefore; its not considered a first line drug for septic shock; after fluid resuscitation, Dobutamine can be used in conjunction with vasopressors to reverse tissue hypo-perfusion by increasing oxygen delivery and consumption though increasing CO

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13
Q

How is Dobutamine used to detect CAD?

A

Dobutamine Echocardiography: useful in patients that are unable to undergo stress testing such as patients with pacemakers, significant bradycardia or those taking high dose Beta-adrenergic blockers. Dobutamine can also be used to help determine the responsive or unresponsive areas of dyskinesia post myocardial infarction

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14
Q

Why is Dobutamine often used in combination therapy?

A

useful in the distribution of cardiac output

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15
Q

What are Dobutamine + low dose dopamine used in combo therapy for?

A

Increase Renal Perfusion

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16
Q

What are Dobutamine + vasodilators used in combo therapy for?

A

Improve CO by decreasing afterload in patients that have increased SVR

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17
Q

What is the MOA of Dobutamine?

A
  • direct acting selective B1 adrenergic receptor agonist; these effects are due to the fact that the clinically available formulation of Dobutamine is a racemic mixture of enantiomers that may have differential effects on adrenergic receptor subtypes
  • Dobutamine binds to beta-receptors, which are G-protein coupled receptors; these are ligand specific and once activated the G protein diffuses into the cell and through a series of reactions increases cAMP, which stimulates the production of Protein kinase C, which in turn increases the inward flux of calcium; this enhances the muscle contraction
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18
Q

Where are the B1 receptors located?

A

Cardiac Muscle (heart) (also in Kidneys)

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19
Q

At what dose is Dobutamine B1 selective?

A

<5mcg/kg/min

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20
Q

What does the B2 action of Dobutamine cause?

A

leads to peripheral arterial vasodilation and a reduction in afterload.

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21
Q

What is the onset of action of Dobutamine?

A

1-2 minutes; 10 minutes may be required to obtain peak effect

22
Q

What is the E 1/2 life of Dobutamine?

A

2 minutes

23
Q

How is Dobutamine metabolized?

A

In tissues and the liver through the breakdown of the catechol and conjugation via MAO (monoamine oxidase) or COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase

24
Q

What and Where is MAO? COMT?

A

MAO- is an enzyme present in the liver, kidneys, and GI tract and catalyzes oxidative deamination

COMT- methylates the hydroxyl group on Dobutamine, which inactivates the drug and metabolites that are conjugated with glucuronic acid are passed in the urine

25
Q

How is Dobutamine eliminated?

A

Excreted via the renal system; In urine the major excretion products are the conjugates of Dobutamine and the inactive derivative of Dobutamine (3-O- methyl Dobutamine)

26
Q

What are the CNS side effects of Dobutamine?

A

Fever, Headache, Parasthesia

27
Q

What is the resp. side effect of Dobut?

A

Dyspnea

28
Q

What are the CV side effects of Dobutamine (excluding Tachycardia, we will cover that separately!)?

A 
Cardiac Dysrhythmias 
Increased Ventricular Ectopy
Increased BP
Anginal Pain
Chest Pain
Palpitations
29
Q

How does administration of Dobutamine cause tachycardia? What dosage/infusion rate do you see this effect more prominently?

A

Usually elicited through HIGH infusion rates (>10mcg/kg/min) or infusions lasting over 72hrs.
Tachycardias may be more prominent in patients with Afib b/c Dobutamine increases the conduction velocity through the AV node!

30
Q

What are the GI side effects of dobut?

A

nausea

31
Q

What are the musculoskeletal side effects of Dobutamine?

A

mild leg cramps

32
Q

What are the hematologic side effects of Dobutamine?

A

Thrombocytopenia

Platelet Inhibition

33
Q

What are the local side effects of Dobutamine?

A

Phlebitis
Local Inflammation
Infiltration pain
Cutaneous Necrosis

34
Q

What are 2 other side effects of Dobutamine?

A

down regulation of beta receptors

toxicity

35
Q

What are signs/symptoms of Dobutamine toxicity?

A

Due to excessive beta receptor stimulation include anorexia, nausea, vomiting, tremor, anxiety, palpitations, headache, SOB, anginal and non-specific chest pain

36
Q

What is Dobutamine NOT recommended as first line therapy for? why?

A

not the first line drug of choice for patients that need increased SVR to increase SBP; therefore, hypovolemia should be corrected b4 administration of Dobut. b/c Dobutamine does not have any clinically significant vasoconstrictor activity

37
Q

What can develop with dobutamine for patients with non-chf CAD?

A

myocardial ischemia

38
Q

What are contraindications to administration of dobutamine?

A
  • Do not use this drug in patients with idiopathic hypertrophic subaortic stenosis or other forms of mechanical obstruction
  • dont use in ppl with hypersensitivity to Dobutamine or sodium bisulfite(sulfite allergy is more commonly seen in asthma patients)
  • Use cautiously in patients post MI b/c it may increase myocardial oxygen command
39
Q

Name the drugs that have drug interactions with Dobutamine.

A
  • Beta-blocking drugs
  • Nitroprusside
  • Cocaine
  • Guanethidine
  • MAOIs
  • Methyldopa
  • Reserpine
  • TCAs
  • Heparin, Cefazolin, PCN, NaBicarb, Alkaline solutions
40
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with beta blocking drugs?

A

an increase in peripheral vascular resistance may be noted

41
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with Nitroprusside?

A

may cause synergistic effect resulting in higher CO and lower pulmonary wedge pressure

42
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with Cocaine?

A

may cause malignant arrythmia

43
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with Guanethidine?

A

Can increase the pressor response

44
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with MAOIs?

A

potentiates hypertension and hypertensive crisis

45
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with Methyldopa?

A

can increase the pressor response

46
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with Reserpine? same as with TCAs?

A

increases the pressor response

47
Q

What is the drug interaction of Dobutamine with Heparin, Cefazolin, PCN, Sodium Bicarb, Alkaline Solutions?

A

Precipitates may form if infused in combination

48
Q

What is the Dosage of Dobutamine?

A

Infusion should be started at 0.5-1 mcg/kg/min and titrated every few minutes according to parameters such as SVR, urine flow, frequency of ectopic activity, HR, CO, CVP, and PCWP

Typically infusion rates range from 2-10mcg/kg/min with a max dose of 40mcg/kg/min for adults

49
Q

What can Dobutamine do to potassium levels?

A

Can decrease K!!!! so check serum potassium

50
Q

What pregnancy category is Dobutamine in?

A

B

51
Q

How is Dobutamine usually mixed?

A

-dissolved in solution of 5% dextrose, 5% dextrose and 0.45% sodium chloride, 5% dextrose and 0.9% sodium chloride, 10% dextrose, lactated ringers, 5% dextrose in lactated ringers, 0.9% sodium chloride or sodium lactate for infusion BECAUSE inactivation can occur in ALKALINE solutions such as 5% sodium bicarb

52
Q

What should you NOT mix Dobutamine in? Why?

A

Alkaline solutions such as 5% sodium bicarbonate

Drug Cards (48 decks)

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