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Genetics and biochemistry 2 > DNA sequencing > Flashcards

DNA sequencing Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is DNA sequencing?

A

Finding the order of DNA nucleotides or bases in a piece of DNA

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2
Q

2 procedures of DNA sequencing

A

Selective termination of DNA synthesis at specific nucleotides
High resolution electrophoresis

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3
Q

What is high resolution electrophoresis?

A

Motion of particles relative to fluid under an electric field

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4
Q

Role of high resolution electrophoresis

A

Separate fragments of DNA

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5
Q

What is methyl interference assay?

A

Method to identify nucleotides important for DNA binding

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6
Q

What is produced when polymerase I is cut?

A

Large protein fragments called Klenow fragments

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7
Q

What cuts DNA polymerase I?

A

Protease subtilisin enzyme

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8
Q

What is the technique used to separate DNA or protein molecules?

A

Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE)

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9
Q

What is autoradiography?

A

X-ray produced by the pattern of decay emissions of a radioactive substance

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10
Q

What is genome sequencing?

A

Determination of the order of bases in DNA of a genome

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11
Q

What is a genome map?

A

Set of landmarks in a genome

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12
Q

2 methods of DNA sequencing

A

Maxam-Gilbert method and Sanger dideoxy method

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13
Q

What is the Maxam-Gilbert method?

A

Chemical modification of DNA and cleavage at specific bases

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14
Q

Negatives of Maxam-Gilbert method

A

Complex, uses hazardous chemicals and difficult to scale up

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15
Q

What chemical destroys base G?

A

Dimethyl sulphate

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16
Q

What chemical destroys base A?

A

Formic acid

17
Q

What chemical destroys base T?

A

Hydrazine

18
Q

What chemical destroys base C?

A

Sodium chloride

19
Q

1st step of Sanger dideoxy method

A

DNA strands are separated by electrophoresis

20
Q

2nd step of Sanger dideoxy method

A

Polyacrylamide gel separates strands

21
Q

3rd step of Sanger dideoxy method

A

Autoradiography used to detect radioactive bands

22
Q

4th step of Sanger dideoxy

A

Sequence is determined by band on autoradiography

23
Q

What is high-throughput sequencing?

A

Lowering cost of DNA sequencing

24
Q

How do you sequence a genome?

A

Break genome, sequence the pieces, reassemble in proper order

Genetics and biochemistry 2 (7 decks)

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