DNA Replication

Question 1

What is DNA helicase?

Answer 1

Binds to DNA at origin of replication and unwinds the helix by brreaking hydrogen bonds

Question 2

what are single stranded binding proteins

Answer 2

Binds to and stabilizes DNA strands to prevent reannealing

Question 3

What are topoisomerases

Answer 3

Binds upstream of the replication fork to minimize torsional strain

Question 4

What is RNA primerase

Answer 4

synthesizes RNA primers

Question 5

What is DNA polymerase I

Answer 5

Removes and replaces RNA primers

Question 6

What is DNA polymerase II

Answer 6

Repair of nucleotide base pairs (proofreader)
Fix it Felix

Question 7

What is DNA polymerase III

Answer 7

Elongates strand
Bob the builder

Question 8

What is DNA ligase

Answer 8

Joins the 3’ end of okazaki fragments with an adjacent DNA nucleotide through phosphodiester bonds, joining okazaki fragments together

Question 9

What are some similar features between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication?

Answer 9

-Primers for initiation
-Elongation 5’ to 3’
-Specialized proteins in a replication complex
-Leading and lagging strands

Question 10

What is the problem with the RNA primer in the lagging strand?

Answer 10

-The 3’ end is not available and it can not be replaced with DNA
-DNA shortens with each replication
-Telomeres prevent shortening of actual DNA sequence