Application of DNA replication

Question 1

What elements are needed for a PCR?

Answer 1

-Buffered solution
-Free dioxyribonucleotides (dNTPS)
-DNA
-Short single stranded DNA primers
-Taq polymerase

Question 2

What is Taq polymerase

Answer 2

A heat resistant enzyme that polymerizes daughter strands in PCRs

Question 3

What are the 3 stages of PCR

Answer 3

-Denaturation; unwinding of DNA with high temperatures
-Annealing; DNA primers anneal
-Extension; Taq polymerase extends daughter strands using dNTPs

Question 4

With each PCR, the amount of DNA ______

Answer 4

doubles

Question 5

Who developed shotgun sequencing?

Answer 5

Myers and Weber

Question 6

What are the 3 phases of shotgun sequencing?

Answer 6

1: Random sequencing of DNA fragments
2: Identifying regions of overlap and assembling them
3:Annotating sequences to identify genes

Question 7

What was the first genome to be sequenced

Answer 7

Haemophilius influenza

Question 8

How aare modified deoxyribonucleotides used in Sanger sequencing

Answer 8

-Dideoxyribonucleotides are missing an OH- group at the 3’ end
-Prevent DNA polymerase from adding another nucleotide
-Leads to a series of interupted daughter strands

Question 9

The Sanger method can determine the sequence of _____ _________ fragments

Answer 9

several hundred nucloetide

Question 10

The shotgun method can determine large portions of chromosomes of ______________

Answer 10

millions of nucleotides

Question 11

For a doubled stranded DNA helix there are __ reading frames

Answer 11

6

Question 12

Usually a long stretch without a ________ is a good reading frame

Answer 12

stop codon

Question 13

_____ make up a small portion of DNA in eukaryotes

Answer 13

exons