DNA, Proteins and ATP

Question 1

What is a nucleotide?

Answer 1

The monomers that make up the nucleic acids.

Question 2

What is the reaction called when two nucleotides bond together?

Answer 2

Condensation Reaction

Question 3

What are phosphodiester bonds?

Answer 3

When the pentose sugar’s carbon 3 links with a phosphate that connects another pentose sugar by joining it’s carbon 5.

Question 4

How do phosphodiester bonds break?

Answer 4

Hydrolysis

Question 5

What is the name of the sugar in DNA?

Answer 5

Deoxyribose

Question 6

What are the pyrimidines?

Answer 6

Thymine and Cytosine

Question 7

What are the purines?

Answer 7

Adenine and Guanine

Question 8

What is the difference between a pyrimidine and a purine?

Answer 8

Purines have to carbon ring structures and pyrimidines only have one.

Question 9

How are the two strands in the double helix of DNA held together?

Answer 9

Hydrogen Bonds

Question 10

How is RNA different to DNA?

Answer 10

The sugar is ribose instead of deoxyribose
Thymine becomes Uracil
Only has one strand

Question 11

What is transcription?

Answer 11

When base sequences of genes have to be copied and transported to the site of protein synthesis, the ribosomes.