Cell Division Flashcards
What are the two main phases of eukaryotic cells for cell division?
Interphase and Mitotic (division) Phase
What are the three phases in interphase?
G1, S, G2
What happens in the first stage of interphase?
G1: The cell increases in size so organelles can grow inside the cytoplasm, such as mitochondria, protein synthesis and chloroplasts (in plants).
What happens in the second stage of interphase?
S: This is the synthesis stage: DNA is replicated in the nucleus.
What happens in the third stage of interphase?
G2: The cell continues to grow in size. The DNA is duplicated and again checked for errors.
What happens in the “Mitosis” stage?
The nucleus divides
What happens in the “cytokinesis” stage?
The cytoplasm is divided and two cells are produced.
What is G0?
The phase in which the cell leaves the process of division temporarily or permanently
What is checked at G1’s checkpoint?
Nutrients
Size
DNA Damage
Growth Factors
What is checked at G2’s checkpoint?
Cell Size
DNA Replication
DNA Damage
What happens after G2’s checkpoint?
The process of Mitosis begins.
What is the “metaphase” checkpoint?
If all the chromosomes have been attached to spindles and aligned in the correct way.
Name and order of the stages in mitosis.
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
What happens in the stage “Prophase”?
Formation of chromosomes from the chromatids. They join together in the centre of the cell.
What happens in the stage “Metaphase”?
The chromosomes align in the centre of the cell.
