DNA-Day 1 1A part 1

Question 1

genectics

Answer 1

study of heredity and variation in cells, individuals and populatiom

Question 2

Genes (3)

Answer 2

Functional units of heredity and variation

DNA sequence involved in making RNA or protein

They make proteins. These proteins interact with each other and all sorts of chemicals in the body to build things like eye pigments/freckles.

Question 3

Molecular Genetics

Answer 3

The study of structural and functions with genes at the molecular level

Question 4

Chromosomes

Answer 4

Made up of DNA and Protein

Question 5

What are genes made up of

Answer 5

DNA

Question 6

Genotype (2)

Answer 6

Genes inherited by an organism

can refer to just 1 gene (ex: eye colour) or to several genes or all the gene of an organism

Question 7

Alles+ex (2) caused by….

Answer 7

Variant forms of a gene caused by difference in DNA sequence

ex: variation in eye colour, height

Question 8

Phenotype+4 ex (2)

Answer 8

Visible traits (dependent on genes)

ex: body plan, behaviour, illness/diseases) can also include observable characteristics in lab such as level of hormones or blood cell

Question 9

Genome

Answer 9

Entire DNA sequence (ACTG) of an organism codes for rna as well as mRNA that make proteins

Question 10

Where are genes found

Answer 10

on chromosomes

Question 11

Gene expression (2) Coding gene

Answer 11

Turning on a gene to produce RNA and protein (coding genes)

turning on indicates=making mRNA=can become protein and that is a coding gene

Question 11

Coding rNA

Answer 11

converted to proteins (mRNA)

Question 12

Noncoding rNA(3)

Answer 12

not converted to protein

most genes r this

tRNA, ribosomal

Question 13

Genes are the only parts in the cell that….

Answer 13

code for RNA/Proteins

Question 14

Parts of the chromosome that dont code for mRNA or make protein

Answer 14

noncoding genes

Question 15

Tell me the life of a gene in coding DNA (4)

Answer 15

transcribe-producing mRNA-undergo translation-proteins

Question 16

Tell me life of a gene in noncoding DNA (2)

Answer 16

transcription-produced rRNA, tRNA etc

Question 17

Protein expression
(2)

Answer 17

The Type and abundance of proteins in the cell

Question 18

Although DNA directs protein expression,….
because…

Answer 18

proteins ultimately determine the phenotype of the cell because they control every reaction in the cell

Question 19

3 main type of proteins

Answer 19

Enzymes

Structural proteins

Signaling Proteins

Question 20

Enzymes (2)

Answer 20

Protein by mRNA catalyzing the synthesis and transformation of all biomolecules

eye pigment is proteins, enzymes give colour

Question 21

Structural Proteins

Answer 21

Maintenance of cell shape

Question 22

Signaling proteins

Answer 22

hormones (bond to receptors) and receptors

Question 23

line cycle for slight variation in gene sequence results in… (3)

Answer 23

amino acid sequence in translation diff=causes diff protein= different protein expressions cause diff phenotype

Question 24

Phenotypic variation depends on (2)

Answer 24

1. Different alleles (variation in gene sequence results in changes in amino acid sequence of proteins)
2. Differential regulation of gene and protein expression