DNA and RNA Flashcards
There are 4 nitrogen base pairs for DNA
Adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine
What did Watson and Crick propose?
The double helix
The process of making another strand of DNA is
Replication
A nucleotide has what?
Phosphate, sugar, and nitrogen base
What did Ms. Franklin do with DNA?
She helped with understanding of it with x-rays
There are 4 nitrogen bases for RNA
Adenine, uracil, guanine, and cytosine
What is the sugar in RNA?
Deoxyribose
What is it called when you make a copy of RNA off of DNA?
Transcription
What is it called when you make protein from RNA?
Translation
How many amino acids are there?
20
How many combinations of RNA bases are there?
64
What kind of bond holds proteins together?
Peptide bonds
What kind of bond holds DNA together?
Hydrogen bonds
Where are proteins made in the cell?
Ribosome
Where is mRNA made in the cell?
Nucleus
What is the job of mRNA?
Carries directions to the ribosomes for what proteins need to be made
What is the job of rRNA?
Used to make ribosomes
What is the job of tRNA?
Brings the amino acids to the ribosome to match to the mRNA
What is the shape of DNA?
Double helix
What is a codon?
Set of three nitrogen bases on mRNA
What is an anticodon?
Set of three nitrogen bases on tRNA
How many stop codons are there?
3
How many start codons are there?
1
What is the directions to make DNA?
Proteins
How do the nitrogen bases in DNA pair?
A-T C-G
How do the nitrogen bases in RNA pair?
A-U C-G
ATC TCA CGA
TAG AGT CGT
ATC CGA TAG
UAG GCU AUC
What is a nucleotide?
Building blocks of DNA
