DNA

Question 1

lagging strand and complementary leading strand*

Answer 1

equivalent in 3’-5’ and in base pairs–??

Question 2

bonds between base pairs

Answer 2

A-T (2 hydrogen bonds)
A-U (2 hydrogen bonds)
G-C (3 hydrogen bonds)

Question 3

human ribosome

Answer 3

60S and 40S subunits = 80S

Question 4

prokaryotic ribosome

Answer 4

50S and 30S

= 70S subunit

Question 5

intron

Answer 5

get rid of introns (non-coding)

Question 6

centromere

Answer 6

the part of chromosomes that link sister chromatids

• made of sequences of nucleotide repeats that don’t contribute to coding sequences of DNA

Question 7

telomere

Answer 7

structural component of DNA, nucleotide repeat sequences that form the caps on ends of strands

Question 8

direction DNA is read

Answer 8

3’-5’ during transcription and DNA replication

Question 9

reverse transcriptase

Answer 9

catalyzes synthesis of DNA from RNA

reads template 3’-5’

Question 10

lysosomes

Answer 10

cellular trash cans (recycling)

Question 11

ribosome

Answer 11

the “factory”; translation of mRNA into protein

• not the site of glycosylation

Question 12

Golgi apparatus

Answer 12

where glycosylation takes places

Question 13

helicase

Answer 13

unzips DNA helices

Question 14

polymerase

Answer 14

synthesizes nucleic acids

Question 15

ligase

Answer 15

joins two separate nucleic acid strands by forming a phosphodiester bond

Question 16

endonuclease

Answer 16

cleaves specific sequences of DNA

Question 17

codon

Answer 17

64 possible codons but only 21 amino acids

Question 18

tRNA

Answer 18

links codons in mRNA to corresponding amino acids

Question 19

translation occurs in…

Answer 19

ribosomes within the cytosol, found abundantly in the rough ER

Question 20

transcription occurs…

Answer 20

within the nucleus

Question 21

what produces mRNA?

Answer 21

RNA pol II

“mRNA is RNA pol II”