DNA

Question 1

What does DNA stand for?

Answer 1

Deoxyribose nucleic acid.

Question 2

Where can DNA be found?

Answer 2

In the nucleus of all living things except prokaryotic cells.

Question 3

What is the structure of DNA made up of?

Answer 3

Sugar phosphate backbone (Nitrogenous bases).

Question 4

What are chromosomes?

Answer 4

They are very long molecules of tightly coiled DNA.

Question 5

How many chromosomes are found in each cell?

Answer 5

23

Question 6

What does the DNA Nucleotide consist of?

Answer 6

Phosphate, deoxyribose sugar and base.

Question 7

What do bases code for?

Answer 7

They code for proteins (amino acids) that determine all the characteristics of living things.

Question 8

What are the 2 complementary base pairs?

Answer 8

A→T
C→G

Question 9

What is a gene?

Answer 9

A sequence of bases in DNA that codes for the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide.

Question 10

State 4 examples of protein.

Answer 10

Enzymes.
Hormones.
Antibodies.
Structural components.

Question 11

What is the 1st step of protein synthesis?

Answer 11

Part of the DNA unravels.

Question 12

What is the 2nd step of protein synthesis?

Answer 12

Enzymes make a copy of the DNA strand, which is called mRNA.

Question 13

What is the 3rd step of protein synthesis?

Answer 13

mRNA moves out of nucleus into the cytoplasm.

Question 14

What is the 4th step of protein synthesis?

Answer 14

mRNA travels to the ribosome in the cytoplasm.

Question 15

What is the 5th step of protein synthesis?

Answer 15

Ribosomes translate each set of 3 bases into amino acids according to the mRNA template.

Question 16

What is the 6th step of protein synthesis?

Answer 16

Amino acids are found in the cytoplasm. The correct amino acids for each set of 3 bases is brought to the ribosome by a carrier molecule.

Question 17

What is the 7th step of protein synthesis?

Answer 17

Along chain of amino acids form. Their specific order forms a specific protein.