DMH5- Gastroenteritis and diarrhoea

Question 1

What gastroenteritis and what are the two types?

Answer 1

Inflammation in the gastrointestinal tract:

Inflammation in the small intestines and the stomach

This causes diarrhoea and vomiting, disrupting the water and electrolyte absorption.

Types:
Chronic and acute

Question 2

What are the common symptoms of Gastroenteritis

Answer 2

Diarrhoea 
Vomiting
Abdominal pain
Mild fever nausea  
Loss of appetite

Question 3

What is gastroenteritis caused by?

Answer 3

Infectious bacteria 
Viruses
Fungi
Protazoa
Parasites
Fecal Oral Transmission

Question 4

What are the causes of concern for gastroenteritis ?

Answer 4

Moderate to severe
dehydration

dry mucosa

dark urine

thirst

tachycardia

lethargy

loss of blood volume

HYPOVOLEMIA- dizzy on
standing

severe dehydration- sunken
eyes, shock, confusion
requires hospitalisation

spread of infection

Question 5

what are the types of diarrhoea?

Answer 5

Osmotic- ingestion of osmotic materials that is poorly absorbed. Water retained in the lumen

Secretory diarrhoea- epithelial cells secrete electrolytes and water activity. Often pathogen induced

Motility disorder- Decrease transit time due to bacterial growth

Reduced surface area of bowe- Birth disorders, short bowel syndrome, surgical resection

Question 6

Who is most at risk of gastroenteritis?

Answer 6

Affects all ages from infants to elderly

Question 7

What is a notifiable disease?

Answer 7

Any disease that are required by law to be reported to govrnment authorities