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Test 2 FTM > DLA 22 + lecture 28 > Flashcards

DLA 22 + lecture 28 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the permanent residents of the connective tissue?

A
  1. fibroblasts
  2. adipose tissue
  3. macrophages / monocytes
  4. mast cells
  5. mesenchymal stem cells
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2
Q

What are the transient cell population of the CT?

A
  1. lymphocytes
  2. plasma cells
  3. eosinophils
  4. basophils
  5. neutrophils
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3
Q

explain fibroblasts?

A

they are the most common cell in connective tissue

synthesize fibers and ground substance

spindle-shaped

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4
Q

What are myofibroblasts?

A

wound healing

presence of contractile filaments

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5
Q

explain adipocytes?

A

signet ring cell

large fat inclusion

rich blood supply

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6
Q

What is an unilocular adipocyte?

A

One large fat droplet- white fat

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7
Q

What is an Multilocular Adipocyte?

A

considered brown fat

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8
Q

What is multilocular adipocytes characterized by?

A
  1. many lipid droplets
  2. central nucleus
  3. rich in mito
  4. highly vascular
  5. rich in innervation
  6. lipochrome pigments
  7. heat production
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9
Q

Where is brown fat found?

A

body neck and abdomen of neonates

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10
Q

What are macrophages derived from?

A

monocytes

they migrate to CT to differentiate

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11
Q

Macrophages in CT?

A

liver - Kupffer cells

brain - microglia

bone - osteoclasts

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12
Q

properties of macrophages?

A
  1. irregular cell membrane
  2. have pseudopodia
  3. phagocytic; produce cytokines
  4. antigen presenting cells
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13
Q

Explain mast cells?

A

they originate in the bone marrow from precursor cells

they proliferate in the lamina propria of CT

mast cells and basophils come from the same progenitor cells

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14
Q

Explain lymphocytes?

A

small and spherical
condensed basophilic nucleus

immune cells - B and T

B cells develop into plasma cells

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15
Q

Explain plasma cells?

A

come from B lymphocytes

secretes single class of IG

basophilic cytoplasm

clock-face nucleus

negative golgi

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16
Q

eosinophils?

A

red granules in the cytoplasm
condensed, bilobed nucleus
phagocytosis of antibody

kills parasitic worms

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17
Q

What are the classifications of connective tissue?

A
  1. embryonic connective tissue
  2. CT proper
  3. specialized CT
18
Q

What is the embryonic connective tissue

A

mesenchyme- mucous connective tissue

19
Q

What are the types of CT proper?

A

loose connective tissue (areolar) and dense connective tissue

20
Q

What are the subsections of dense connective tissue?

A

regular and irregular

21
Q

What are the specialized connective tissue?

A
  1. cartilage
  2. bone
  3. adipose tissue
  4. blood
  5. hemopoietic tissue
  6. lymphatic tissue
22
Q

What are the components of connective tissue?

A

cells

fibers and ground substance in the ECM

23
Q

Why is CT important?

A
  1. support (stroma- supporting structures)
  2. repair
  3. Defense (immune function)
  4. Nutrition (storage and transport)
24
Q

What are the characteristics of mesenchyme?

A

a lot of ground substance

cells have a tapered spindle appearance

sparsely arranged reticular fibers

25
Q

characteristics of mucous CT?

A

ground substance is a gelatinous consistency

few cells and fibers

mainly ground substance

26
Q

Where is mucous CT found?

A

umbilical card (Wharton’s jelly)

27
Q

features of LCT?

A

large number of cells compared to fibers
rich blood supply

found below most epithelial linings

28
Q

features of Dense irregular CT?

A

fewer cells, more fibers
no orientation of fibers

usually organ capsules, dermis, periosteum

29
Q

features of dense regular CT?

A

specific orientation of fibers

imparts tensile strength

found in: tendons and ligaments

30
Q

components of dense regular CT?

A

fibroblasts and type 1 collagen fibers

31
Q

what is the structure of a tendon?

A

epitendineum- covering the whole tendon

peritendineum - surrounds a group of fascicles

endotendineum- covering around a group of fibers

32
Q

components of reticular CT?

A

fibroblasts

reticular fibers

33
Q

function of reticular CT?

A

forms a framework for tissues
thin branching fibers

Ex: liver, lymph nodes

34
Q

features of elastic connective tissue?

A

elastic fibers (yellow)

they are connected by desmosine and isodesmosine

35
Q

adipose CT?

A

cells nucleus is pushed to the periphery

one big fat droplet

used for storage

36
Q

Brown adipose CT?

A

smaller
central nucleus
heat conduction

more common in babies

37
Q

What is a hypertrophic scar?

A

Scar when more raised than normal, but within original wound boundary (fibrosis)

38
Q

what is a keloid scar?

A

the scar is surrounding into surrounding tissue (keloid)

39
Q

What leads to fibrosis and keloids?

A

increased collagen production

40
Q

What occurs due to a vitamin C deficiency?

A

scurvy due to the decreased production of collagen due to the lack of vitamin C

41
Q

What is anaphylactic shock?

A

increased mast cell release of histamine

42
Q

What is edema?

A

swelling due to increased tissue fluid

Test 2 FTM (28 decks)

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