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Neuro Part 1 > DLA 18+19, Lecture 15+16 > Flashcards

DLA 18+19, Lecture 15+16 Flashcards

1
Q

thalamic lesion

A

Damage to third order somatosensory neurons - all modalities (touch, vibration, proprioception, pain and temperature) affected

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2
Q

monosynaptic vs polysynaptic reflux

A

mono:
Afferent and efferent limb are directly connected
EX: deep tendon reflux

poly:
Afferent and efferent limb are interconnected with one or more interneurons
EX: abdominal reflux

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3
Q

shoulder abduction

A

C5

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4
Q

elbow flexion

A

C5/C6

reflex testing
biceps and brachioradialis

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5
Q

wrist extension

A

C6/C7

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6
Q

elbow extension

A

C7/C8

reflex testing
triceps

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7
Q

Flinger flexion

A

C8

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8
Q

finger ab-adduction

A

C8/T1

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9
Q

thigh adduction

A

L3/4/5

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10
Q

knee extension

A

L2-L4

knee jerk reflex

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11
Q

great toe extension

A

L5/S1

plantar response

afferent = A delta and C 
efferent = alpha motor neurons (L5/S1)
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12
Q

ankle plantar extension

A

S1/S2

ankle jerk reflex

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13
Q

anal contraction

A

S2,3,4

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14
Q

abdominal reflex

A

T8-T12

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15
Q

reflex testing scale

A

0 = absent

1 = diminished

2 = brisk

3 = very brisk

4 = exaggerated

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16
Q

babinski reflex

A

Dorsiflexion of the great toe while the other toes fan out (extension instead of flexion)

indicates upper motor neuron lesion

17
Q

myotatic reflex

A

a tonic contraction of muscle groups in response to a stretching force

is monosynaptic

afferent: Ia fiber (muscle spindle)
efferent: alpha motor neuron

18
Q

corticospinal pathway (two parts)

A

lateral = limbs motor

anterior = trunk motor

arise from the brainstem

19
Q

corticobulbar pathway

A

head and neck motor

arise from the brainstem

20
Q

lower motor neurons and upper motor neurons

A

Lower:
communicate directly between the CNS and somatic muscle
can arise from the spinal cord or brainstem

upper:
neurons that originate in the brain and communicate with LMN
can exert bilateral or contralateral control

21
Q

location of LMN and UMN

A

Upper:
located in the white matter
anterior, medial, and lateral funiculus

lower:
cell bodies are located within the anterior gray horn
(ventral horn)

22
Q

location of flexor/ adductor and extension/abductor neurons in the ventral horn

A

flexor and adductor neurons lie dorsal

extensor and abductor neurons lie lateral

23
Q

upper motor neuron signs

A 
hyperreflexia
hypertonia 
extensor plantar 
clonus 
spastic paralysis
24
Q

Lower motor neuron signs

A 
hyporeflexia 
hypotonia 
fibrillation 
flaccid paralysis 
atrophy 
fasciculations
25
Q

anterior spinal artery syndrome

A

Touch, vibration, proprioception intact

bilateral loss of pain and temp below lesion

extensor response bilateral

paralysis

Neuro Part 1 (18 decks)

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