Division of Labour

Question 1

Parsons roles in the family

Answer 1

Expressive role = primary socialisation (homemaker)

Instrumental role = achieving success at work (breadwinner)

Question 2

Young + Willmot (1950) w/c families

Answer 2

Traditional working class extended families in East London

Question 3

Young + Willmot (1962)

Answer 3

Men are now taking a greater share of domestic tasks; wives are now wage owners

Question 4

Young + Willmot (1973)

Answer 4

Family life is gradually improving for all of its members

Question 5

Segregated conjugal roles

Answer 5

The couple have separate roles in the home, including separate leisure activities

Question 6

Joint conjugal roles

Answer 6

The couple share tasks in the home, including the same leisure activities

Question 7

Symmetrical family

Answer 7

Women now go to work (part-time rather than full-time)

Men now help with the housework and child care

Question 8

Feminists view

Answer 8

Rejects Parsons view that division of labour is natural; it only benefits men

Question 9

Ann Oakley’s view - ❌ symmetrical

Answer 9

The family is now far from symmetrical (Evaluating Young + Willmot’s view)

Question 10

March of progress view - Gershuny(1944)

Answer 10

housewives did 83% of the house work; full time workers did 73%

Question 11

Ferri + Smith (1996) - men in households

Answer 11

Men take responsibility of childcare in 4% of households

Question 12

Braun et al (2011) - father = main carer

Answer 12

Father as the main carer in 3 out of 70 families

Question 13

Duncombe + Marsden (1995) - ‘triple shift’

Answer 13

Women have to perform the ‘triple shift’ of
• Housework
• Paid work
• Emotional work

Question 14

Radical feminist view

Answer 14

Believe that Heterosexual relationships are patriarchal

Question 15

Two reasons why there are inequalities in decision making

Answer 15

Cultural - male being dominant decision makers instilled through primary socialisation

Material - males mostly earn the money

Question 16

Kempson (1994) - w/c women

Answer 16

Women from lower income families make more sacrifices of eating less food to make ends meet

Question 17

Gershuny (1994) - couples + housework

Answer 17

Couples more likely to share housework if their parents did

Question 18

Crime survey for England + Wales - D.V. statistics

Answer 18

found that 2000 people reported having been victims of domestic abuse during 2012

Question 19

Coleman et al - women + D.V

Answer 19

women were more likely than men to experience domestic violence

Question 20

Yearnshire - reporting D.V.

Answer 20

on average a woman suffers 35 assaults before making a report
D.V. less likely to be reported

Question 21

Cheal - report of D.V. to police

Answer 21

police and prosecutors may be reluctant to record

- agencies not prepared to get involved in the family

Question 22

Three assumptions about family life

Answer 22

• the family is a private sphere
  = agencies should be limited
• family is a good thing
  = agencies neglect the ‘darker side’ of family life
• individuals are free agents; not actually able to leave
  = lack of prosecution

Question 23

The Radical feminist explanation - D.V.

Answer 23

the role of patriarchal ideas in the family + marriage
cultural ideas male domination
institutions maintain D.V. occurring

Question 24

The materialist explanation

Answer 24

economic factors such lack of resources